In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the air transport industry has also experienced rapid development. According to the report of the National Civil Aviation Administration, there were 121 civilian airports in China in 2000 and 175 by the end of 2010. By 2020, the total number of civil airports in China will reach 244. The rapid development of the air transport industry puts forward higher requirements for the airport's safety management. To ensure the safety of airports and air transport, major airports continuously increase security and security system construction investment, security systems are constantly upgraded, and various high-tech Security technologies and products are constantly being applied to airport security systems, and airport security construction will also usher in a new round of climax.
Aviation safety is facing severe challenges In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the air transport industry has also experienced rapid development. According to the report of the National Civil Aviation Administration, there were 121 civilian airports in China in 2000, 160 in 2008, and 175 by the end of 2010. After decades of construction and development, China’s airport system has begun to take shape, with hub airports such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou as the center, and Chengdu, Shenzhen, Kunming, Xi’an and other provincial capitals or key cities as its backbone, and numerous The basic pattern of cooperation between dry and regional airports. According to the “National Civil Airport Layout Planâ€, by 2020, the total number of civil airports in China will reach 244, thus forming the five regional airport groups in the north (North China, Northeast China), East China, Central South, Southwest, and Northwest China.
In the second half of 2008, 70% of the country’s 4 trillion economic revitalization investment plans were invested in infrastructure, and 12% of the infrastructure funds were invested in airports. Such a large investment will undoubtedly set off a new upsurge in airport construction. The rapid development of the air transport industry puts forward a higher requirement for the airport's safety management. As an important part of the airport's safety management, airport security has also ushered in a new round of construction climax.
After the "9.11" incident in the United States in 2001, airport security has aroused the attention of governments of all countries and the international community's great concern. In order to ensure the safety of airports and air transport, major airports continue to increase security and security system construction investment, security systems are constantly upgraded, a variety of high-tech security technologies and products, especially advanced security equipment, iris, face recognition, intelligence Image analysis technology, etc., are constantly applied to airport security systems.
Airport Security Construction Enhances Space The airport security system is mainly composed of the following components: security system, video monitoring system, access control system (or entrance and exit control system), anti-theft alarm system, perimeter electronic defense system, fire alarm system, and patrol system And public address systems.
According to the analysis of experts, under normal circumstances, the construction of weak systems for airports accounts for 1-1.5% of the total investment, and security construction accounts for about 40% of weak systems. Specifically, the security investment for a large-scale composite hub airport is about 100 million yuan, that for large airports is 50 million yuan - 70 million yuan, that for medium-sized airports is about 20 million yuan - 30 million yuan, and for small airports is 8 million yuan - 1000 yuan Ten thousand yuan.
At present, there are 175 airports in China, including three large-scale composite hub airports (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou), eight large-scale airports (Shenzhen, Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, etc.), 52 medium-sized airports, and 112 small airports. Based on this calculation, as of the end of 2010, the total investment in airport security in China was about 3 billion yuan (more than security inspection equipment). In addition, each airport has a considerable investment in the updating and upgrading of security inspection facilities and security systems. For example, Beijing Capital International Airport has carried out digital reconstruction of T1 and T2 terminals while building the T3 terminal building. System expansion.
Compared with foreign countries, at present, the proportion of investment in airport construction and security systems in China is still low. Taking the three major hub airports in China as an example, Guangzhou Baiyun Airport Phase I security investment is about 70 million yuan, Shanghai Pudong International Airport Phase II security investment is about 1 RMB 100 million and Beijing Capital International Airport’s T3 terminal security investment is about RMB 150 million. The construction of security systems in other domestic airports is even lower. Therefore, there is still much room for improvement in airport security in China. In 2009, the National Civil Aviation Administration's investment in increasing the construction of airport security facilities reached 10 billion yuan. The airport security construction has brought considerable business opportunities for the security industry.
Airport security system composition and application characteristics Large-scale aviation hub airport is like a “cityâ€, large geographical area, large flight area, large terminal building, large passenger and cargo traffic, large aircraft take-off and landing, if relying solely on people for safety management, It is difficult to be effective. It is necessary to take advantage of advanced technological precautions to achieve early detection and early stop, and eliminate unsafe factors in the bud. It can be said that if there is no security system to support, the security operation of the airport is unimaginable.
Under normal circumstances, the airport security system consists of security, video surveillance, access control and perimeter subsystems. Anti-theft alarms, due to their small size, are often linked to video surveillance and are usually included in surveillance systems. There are also building automation, fire alarm systems, patrol systems and public address systems. If calculated by investment, video surveillance systems (including burglar alarms) account for the largest proportion, accounting for about 56%. Followed by security inspection, accounting for about 20%%; perimeter prevention system, accounting for about 9%; entrance control system, accounting for about 5%; building automation, fire alarms, patrols and public broadcasting systems together account for about 10%%.
Security inspection is the first stage of airport security management. The security inspection facility is an essential system for the airport. Any unidentified person or dangerous goods on the plane may bring great risks to aviation safety. At present, almost all airports are equipped with advanced X-ray security inspection systems and explosives security inspection equipment. Although the security inspection equipment is far inferior to the surveillance system in terms of quantity, it is also expensive because of its high price.
The video surveillance system is an important part of the airport security system. The front-end points and wide distribution are common features of the airport security system.
The access control system is an important technical means for airport access management. Large-scale airport access control points are generally more than 500, and Beijing Capital International Airport T3 terminal installation has 935 access control points. The access control system is mainly concentrated in the channel isolation area, work area, and engine room, and usually uses the built-in TCP/IP access controller. Currently, the main use of the airport access control system is the IC card identification method.
Airport security system construction has strict requirements and regulations. The airport security system has large investment and high requirements. Both the equipment supplier and the system integrator and the engineering company have relatively high requirements. For example, many airports require the bidder's registered capital to be no less than 500 in the bidding of the security system. RMB 10,000 yuan must also have a Class 1 qualification certificate for the design, construction and maintenance of security technology prevention systems. In product selection, whether it is a monitoring system, or access control, anti-theft alarm system, most of the current domestic airports are using international famous brands. If the camera uses PELCO, BOSCH, the access control system adopts NexWatch (Westinghouse), and the anti-theft alarm system adopts the IPment_index/subcate377_32644_list_1. Html "> Honeywell et al.
Airport Security System High-tech Scanning Video Surveillance: The Sharp Eyes
Video surveillance systems are an important part of airport security systems. Large international airports are generally composed of main runways, terminal buildings, air traffic control centers, cargo centers, fire control centers, garages, aviation food plants, property buildings, border inspection buildings, and customs and many other units and areas under their respective jurisdiction. Both regional and regional security monitoring are required.
Many front-end points and wide distribution are the common features of airport security monitoring. Airport perimeters, terminal entrances and exits, various internal airport corridors, security checkpoints, terminal lounges, boarding bridges, baggage claim halls, flight areas, parking garages, lifts, escalators, machine rooms, public areas, and other key locations all need to be set up. Security camera. As a result, airports often have densely populated cameras. Take Beijing Capital International Airport as an example. About 2,300 cameras are installed in the single T3 terminal building. 30 monitoring centers, sub-control rooms, duty offices, and 128 video surveillance stations are established; Shanghai Pudong International Airport T2 terminal surveillance cameras also reached more than 2,000, a total of 12 video convergence access room and 18 sub-control centers.
The densest area of ​​airport surveillance cameras must belong to the security inspection channel. All the way to the security inspection channel will generally install 3-5 cameras, and some will also install camera pinhole cameras. Some special monitoring points are also equipped with high-sensitivity pickups for simultaneous video and audio recording, which ensures that events are completely backtracked and meet specific monitoring needs. There are 130 pickups installed at the T3 terminal of the Capital International Airport.
At the airport, we usually see only front-end cameras, and other related monitoring equipment is distributed in the engine room. In addition to the camera, the Capital Airport T3 terminal also installed 300 encoders, 320 decoders, 62 video servers (DVS) and 130 CRT monitors.
Airport terminal buildings generally have features such as large area, complicated functional zoning, and large sharing requirements. Therefore, most of the monitoring systems use digital, network, and distributed system architectures. Perimeter Defense System: Leveraging Security Fences for Airports
According to incomplete statistics, 5 to 10 cases of smuggling in aircraft landing gear are occurring every year in the world. This not only involves all aspects of airport management, but also exposes the technical loopholes in these airports.
As we all know, the perimeter of the airport is often stretched by a dozen or even tens of kilometers. The environment is complex and it is difficult to prevent it. A single detection device is difficult to meet. Therefore, a variety of detection equipment must be used to form a three-dimensional protection and detection network. Most of the domestic airports currently use the second-generation “signal-driven†technology such as vibrating fibers, radiating cables, infrared radiation, tension fences, and high-voltage pulses. Inevitably, there are invisible alarms and false alarms. In June 2009, Shanghai Pudong International Airport took the lead in adopting the third-generation airport perimeter security system independently developed by China. This third-generation target-driven perimeter intrusion prevention system based on sensor networks has strong anti-interference ability and false alarms. The rate of missed police is extremely low, bringing revolutionary technological innovations to the perimeter of the airport. The system has been highly valued by the State Civil Aviation Administration and will be applied to all airports in the country one after another. This will promote the overall level of our airport perimeter prevention system construction. Access Control System: Deducting the modern “Sesame Open Door†myth “Sesame, open the door!†This is a “spell†to open the door in the story of Alibaba and the Forty Thieves. From the perspective of modern people, this is actually a very vivid story about “access controlâ€. “Sesame opening†is actually the “secret spoon†of the access control, and is also the “permission†granted by the access control system.
Today, with the continuous development and maturation of radio frequency and biometric technology, it has provided strong technical support for the construction of airport access control systems.
The access control system is mainly concentrated in the channel isolation area, work area, and engine room. The system uses decentralized networked control. The center monitors in real time, and the cardholder uses the card to automatically enter and leave the security area according to the authorization obtained. The access control management software sets up access rights and management records, and automatically records the entry and exit of personnel. Usually use the built-in TCP/IP access controller. At present, the airport access control system mainly uses the IC card identification method.
The application of the access control system at the airport is mainly reflected in the need for system stability, database, and integration. According to the design requirements, the access control system must be linked with the video surveillance system (even the fire protection system) in order to conduct video review of the alarm incidents, abnormal events and daily conditions of the access control system. The task of the access control system is mainly to control the entrance and exit of the access doors and boarding gates between the passenger activity area and the working area, and the access gates between the working area and the apron, and the access gates of the important engine rooms. Each access door is installed. There is a card reader, and the in-and-out person holds the IC card with his/her access.
Beijing Capital International Airport has taken the lead in launching the face recognition access control system for personnel verification of documents in China since September 2009. The face recognition technology has the international advanced level, can complete the identification of facial features of the inspected person within one second, and can compare with the background data, and quickly and accurately verify the identity of the person under inspection. The false recognition rate is only 0.01. %%, the accuracy rate is much higher than the traditional manual identification, which can effectively compensate for the lack of manual identification. As technology continues to mature, airport access systems will become more and more advanced.
New technologies drive the airport security construction upgrade The construction of the security system of Terminal 2 of the Beijing Capital International Airport and the Shanghai Pudong International Airport T2 Terminal has become a security system for airports in China and even the world, both in terms of system scale and technological advancement. Representative works. As a model project for airport security construction, it will surely have a positive reference and significance for the construction of security systems at airports in China.
The continuous development and maturity of security technologies have provided strong technical support for airport security construction and also stimulated the continuous growth of new security requirements for airport security. For example, image behavior analysis technology has been well applied in airport security construction in recent years.
As we all know, the airport monitoring system is a very large system. There are hundreds of thousands of monitoring points, and personnel monitoring alone cannot meet the security monitoring needs. We must use more advanced intelligent monitoring methods.
Intelligent video surveillance technology is derived from computer vision technology. The most commonly used function in video analysis technology is “intrusion detectionâ€. It can perform real-time tracking and analysis on video surveillance images, and analyze and track the camera scene by separating the background and target in the scene. Within the target, automatically detect the abnormal behavior of suspicious objects and people entering or leaving a certain area in certain locations or within a certain period of time, the system will automatically send out an alarm, the monitoring station will automatically pop up alarm information and issue a warning tone. Image intelligence analysis technology has been applied to some extent in some domestic airports. In the design and construction of Shanghai Pudong Airport T2 terminal building, dynamic video detection technology was introduced.
The advantage of intelligent video surveillance is that it can monitor and analyze the surveillance area 24 hours a day, day by day, freeing the security personnel from the monotonous work of the "staring" monitor. Compared with personnel monitoring image screens, intelligent monitoring has higher reliability, can effectively improve the accuracy of monitoring and alarming, and greatly reduces the occurrence of false positives and false negatives.
It can be foreseen that intelligent analysis and other new security technologies (such as iris, face recognition, etc.) will surely be more widely used in the construction of airport security systems in the future, thus safeguarding the safety of air transport.
The airport security alarm subsystem alarm subsystem accounts for a relatively small proportion of the airport's entire security system (150 alarm points in the Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal T3), but it is also very important. Because airport security is more focused on the prior, the discovery in order to stop the occurrence of the incident in a timely manner. Alarm subsystems generally have to be linked to the monitoring system and are therefore usually included in the monitoring system. The application of the alarm system is generally limited to the airport terminal building, with the terminal weak integration system, fire alarm system, public radio and television, building automation system function linkage and integration. The airport security department generally divides the airport into several areas. In each area, alarm detectors with different density are installed as required. The alarm host is installed in the monitoring center of the terminal building, and the alarm control is set in the public security substation of the terminal building. Using computer data communication methods, the monitoring center's alarm host is linked with the public security branch control center's computer. The public security branch control center uses the PC as the human-machine interface to control the background and manage the monitoring center's alarm host. The entire alarm system uses the alarm host (each with 120 bus-type alarm detectors, 8 local detectors) to receive the alarm signal of each alarm point.
In the airport security defense, relying solely on the video surveillance system is a kind of passive defense. Through the integrated interconnection of the alarm and video surveillance, the application security of the airport's entire security system can be improved. Therefore, the alarm subsystem is also an important part of airport security. The public security system of the airport security public broadcasting subsystem is also part of the entire airport security system, taking into account the fire emergency broadcasting. Its main function is to play airport flight information, airport business information, and public areas and office areas in the airport terminal. Special announcements, emergencies, etc., have background music features. The broadcast mode can be manual broadcast or digital voice synthesis automatic broadcast. All equipment of the entire system is set up in the fire-fighting center, and broadcasting centers, security centers, and command centers can broadcast various types of information to each area through the microphone.
The public address system needs to be linked with the fire alarm system, and the fire control center can automatically implement the emergency broadcast mode through the control signals generated in the fire area.
The airport public broadcasting system generally adopts a distributed distribution design. The broadcasting source is prioritized and the emergency broadcasting has the highest priority. In an emergency situation, normal broadcasts in all response areas will be automatically cut off and replaced by emergency broadcasts from the fire control center so that fire commanders can use the broadcasting system to direct and guide passengers and all personnel in emergency evacuation, safely leaving the site and preventing the order in the field. confusion. Broadcasts in other broadcast areas can be broadcast normally without interference.
When the emergency broadcast starts, business broadcasts, background music broadcasts, and the like are automatically muted. When a blackout occurs and an emergency occurs, the system can be powered by batteries to ensure that the broadcast system is working properly. Airport surveillance camera selection and application characteristics According to needs, the airport surveillance system uses cameras include: integrated indoor spherical camera, integrated outdoor spherical camera, integrated outdoor PTZ camera, indoor fixed hemisphere camera, elevator camera, indoor fixed gun Color cameras, indoor pan/tilt zoom color cameras and many other types. Airport perimeter and flight area surveillance require infrared cameras with night vision capabilities. In addition, the airport also needs to install a small number of large pan-tilts to look at the cameras for large-scale and panoramic monitoring.
Aviation safety is facing severe challenges In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the air transport industry has also experienced rapid development. According to the report of the National Civil Aviation Administration, there were 121 civilian airports in China in 2000, 160 in 2008, and 175 by the end of 2010. After decades of construction and development, China’s airport system has begun to take shape, with hub airports such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou as the center, and Chengdu, Shenzhen, Kunming, Xi’an and other provincial capitals or key cities as its backbone, and numerous The basic pattern of cooperation between dry and regional airports. According to the “National Civil Airport Layout Planâ€, by 2020, the total number of civil airports in China will reach 244, thus forming the five regional airport groups in the north (North China, Northeast China), East China, Central South, Southwest, and Northwest China.
In the second half of 2008, 70% of the country’s 4 trillion economic revitalization investment plans were invested in infrastructure, and 12% of the infrastructure funds were invested in airports. Such a large investment will undoubtedly set off a new upsurge in airport construction. The rapid development of the air transport industry puts forward a higher requirement for the airport's safety management. As an important part of the airport's safety management, airport security has also ushered in a new round of construction climax.
After the "9.11" incident in the United States in 2001, airport security has aroused the attention of governments of all countries and the international community's great concern. In order to ensure the safety of airports and air transport, major airports continue to increase security and security system construction investment, security systems are constantly upgraded, a variety of high-tech security technologies and products, especially advanced security equipment, iris, face recognition, intelligence Image analysis technology, etc., are constantly applied to airport security systems.
Airport Security Construction Enhances Space The airport security system is mainly composed of the following components: security system, video monitoring system, access control system (or entrance and exit control system), anti-theft alarm system, perimeter electronic defense system, fire alarm system, and patrol system And public address systems.
According to the analysis of experts, under normal circumstances, the construction of weak systems for airports accounts for 1-1.5% of the total investment, and security construction accounts for about 40% of weak systems. Specifically, the security investment for a large-scale composite hub airport is about 100 million yuan, that for large airports is 50 million yuan - 70 million yuan, that for medium-sized airports is about 20 million yuan - 30 million yuan, and for small airports is 8 million yuan - 1000 yuan Ten thousand yuan.
At present, there are 175 airports in China, including three large-scale composite hub airports (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou), eight large-scale airports (Shenzhen, Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, etc.), 52 medium-sized airports, and 112 small airports. Based on this calculation, as of the end of 2010, the total investment in airport security in China was about 3 billion yuan (more than security inspection equipment). In addition, each airport has a considerable investment in the updating and upgrading of security inspection facilities and security systems. For example, Beijing Capital International Airport has carried out digital reconstruction of T1 and T2 terminals while building the T3 terminal building. System expansion.
Compared with foreign countries, at present, the proportion of investment in airport construction and security systems in China is still low. Taking the three major hub airports in China as an example, Guangzhou Baiyun Airport Phase I security investment is about 70 million yuan, Shanghai Pudong International Airport Phase II security investment is about 1 RMB 100 million and Beijing Capital International Airport’s T3 terminal security investment is about RMB 150 million. The construction of security systems in other domestic airports is even lower. Therefore, there is still much room for improvement in airport security in China. In 2009, the National Civil Aviation Administration's investment in increasing the construction of airport security facilities reached 10 billion yuan. The airport security construction has brought considerable business opportunities for the security industry.
Airport security system composition and application characteristics Large-scale aviation hub airport is like a “cityâ€, large geographical area, large flight area, large terminal building, large passenger and cargo traffic, large aircraft take-off and landing, if relying solely on people for safety management, It is difficult to be effective. It is necessary to take advantage of advanced technological precautions to achieve early detection and early stop, and eliminate unsafe factors in the bud. It can be said that if there is no security system to support, the security operation of the airport is unimaginable.
Under normal circumstances, the airport security system consists of security, video surveillance, access control and perimeter subsystems. Anti-theft alarms, due to their small size, are often linked to video surveillance and are usually included in surveillance systems. There are also building automation, fire alarm systems, patrol systems and public address systems. If calculated by investment, video surveillance systems (including burglar alarms) account for the largest proportion, accounting for about 56%. Followed by security inspection, accounting for about 20%%; perimeter prevention system, accounting for about 9%; entrance control system, accounting for about 5%; building automation, fire alarms, patrols and public broadcasting systems together account for about 10%%.
Security inspection is the first stage of airport security management. The security inspection facility is an essential system for the airport. Any unidentified person or dangerous goods on the plane may bring great risks to aviation safety. At present, almost all airports are equipped with advanced X-ray security inspection systems and explosives security inspection equipment. Although the security inspection equipment is far inferior to the surveillance system in terms of quantity, it is also expensive because of its high price.
The video surveillance system is an important part of the airport security system. The front-end points and wide distribution are common features of the airport security system.
The access control system is an important technical means for airport access management. Large-scale airport access control points are generally more than 500, and Beijing Capital International Airport T3 terminal installation has 935 access control points. The access control system is mainly concentrated in the channel isolation area, work area, and engine room, and usually uses the built-in TCP/IP access controller. Currently, the main use of the airport access control system is the IC card identification method.
Airport security system construction has strict requirements and regulations. The airport security system has large investment and high requirements. Both the equipment supplier and the system integrator and the engineering company have relatively high requirements. For example, many airports require the bidder's registered capital to be no less than 500 in the bidding of the security system. RMB 10,000 yuan must also have a Class 1 qualification certificate for the design, construction and maintenance of security technology prevention systems. In product selection, whether it is a monitoring system, or access control, anti-theft alarm system, most of the current domestic airports are using international famous brands. If the camera uses PELCO, BOSCH, the access control system adopts NexWatch (Westinghouse), and the anti-theft alarm system adopts the IPment_index/subcate377_32644_list_1. Html "> Honeywell et al.
Airport Security System High-tech Scanning Video Surveillance: The Sharp Eyes
Video surveillance systems are an important part of airport security systems. Large international airports are generally composed of main runways, terminal buildings, air traffic control centers, cargo centers, fire control centers, garages, aviation food plants, property buildings, border inspection buildings, and customs and many other units and areas under their respective jurisdiction. Both regional and regional security monitoring are required.
Many front-end points and wide distribution are the common features of airport security monitoring. Airport perimeters, terminal entrances and exits, various internal airport corridors, security checkpoints, terminal lounges, boarding bridges, baggage claim halls, flight areas, parking garages, lifts, escalators, machine rooms, public areas, and other key locations all need to be set up. Security camera. As a result, airports often have densely populated cameras. Take Beijing Capital International Airport as an example. About 2,300 cameras are installed in the single T3 terminal building. 30 monitoring centers, sub-control rooms, duty offices, and 128 video surveillance stations are established; Shanghai Pudong International Airport T2 terminal surveillance cameras also reached more than 2,000, a total of 12 video convergence access room and 18 sub-control centers.
The densest area of ​​airport surveillance cameras must belong to the security inspection channel. All the way to the security inspection channel will generally install 3-5 cameras, and some will also install camera pinhole cameras. Some special monitoring points are also equipped with high-sensitivity pickups for simultaneous video and audio recording, which ensures that events are completely backtracked and meet specific monitoring needs. There are 130 pickups installed at the T3 terminal of the Capital International Airport.
At the airport, we usually see only front-end cameras, and other related monitoring equipment is distributed in the engine room. In addition to the camera, the Capital Airport T3 terminal also installed 300 encoders, 320 decoders, 62 video servers (DVS) and 130 CRT monitors.
Airport terminal buildings generally have features such as large area, complicated functional zoning, and large sharing requirements. Therefore, most of the monitoring systems use digital, network, and distributed system architectures. Perimeter Defense System: Leveraging Security Fences for Airports
According to incomplete statistics, 5 to 10 cases of smuggling in aircraft landing gear are occurring every year in the world. This not only involves all aspects of airport management, but also exposes the technical loopholes in these airports.
As we all know, the perimeter of the airport is often stretched by a dozen or even tens of kilometers. The environment is complex and it is difficult to prevent it. A single detection device is difficult to meet. Therefore, a variety of detection equipment must be used to form a three-dimensional protection and detection network. Most of the domestic airports currently use the second-generation “signal-driven†technology such as vibrating fibers, radiating cables, infrared radiation, tension fences, and high-voltage pulses. Inevitably, there are invisible alarms and false alarms. In June 2009, Shanghai Pudong International Airport took the lead in adopting the third-generation airport perimeter security system independently developed by China. This third-generation target-driven perimeter intrusion prevention system based on sensor networks has strong anti-interference ability and false alarms. The rate of missed police is extremely low, bringing revolutionary technological innovations to the perimeter of the airport. The system has been highly valued by the State Civil Aviation Administration and will be applied to all airports in the country one after another. This will promote the overall level of our airport perimeter prevention system construction. Access Control System: Deducting the modern “Sesame Open Door†myth “Sesame, open the door!†This is a “spell†to open the door in the story of Alibaba and the Forty Thieves. From the perspective of modern people, this is actually a very vivid story about “access controlâ€. “Sesame opening†is actually the “secret spoon†of the access control, and is also the “permission†granted by the access control system.
Today, with the continuous development and maturation of radio frequency and biometric technology, it has provided strong technical support for the construction of airport access control systems.
The access control system is mainly concentrated in the channel isolation area, work area, and engine room. The system uses decentralized networked control. The center monitors in real time, and the cardholder uses the card to automatically enter and leave the security area according to the authorization obtained. The access control management software sets up access rights and management records, and automatically records the entry and exit of personnel. Usually use the built-in TCP/IP access controller. At present, the airport access control system mainly uses the IC card identification method.
The application of the access control system at the airport is mainly reflected in the need for system stability, database, and integration. According to the design requirements, the access control system must be linked with the video surveillance system (even the fire protection system) in order to conduct video review of the alarm incidents, abnormal events and daily conditions of the access control system. The task of the access control system is mainly to control the entrance and exit of the access doors and boarding gates between the passenger activity area and the working area, and the access gates between the working area and the apron, and the access gates of the important engine rooms. Each access door is installed. There is a card reader, and the in-and-out person holds the IC card with his/her access.
Beijing Capital International Airport has taken the lead in launching the face recognition access control system for personnel verification of documents in China since September 2009. The face recognition technology has the international advanced level, can complete the identification of facial features of the inspected person within one second, and can compare with the background data, and quickly and accurately verify the identity of the person under inspection. The false recognition rate is only 0.01. %%, the accuracy rate is much higher than the traditional manual identification, which can effectively compensate for the lack of manual identification. As technology continues to mature, airport access systems will become more and more advanced.
New technologies drive the airport security construction upgrade The construction of the security system of Terminal 2 of the Beijing Capital International Airport and the Shanghai Pudong International Airport T2 Terminal has become a security system for airports in China and even the world, both in terms of system scale and technological advancement. Representative works. As a model project for airport security construction, it will surely have a positive reference and significance for the construction of security systems at airports in China.
The continuous development and maturity of security technologies have provided strong technical support for airport security construction and also stimulated the continuous growth of new security requirements for airport security. For example, image behavior analysis technology has been well applied in airport security construction in recent years.
As we all know, the airport monitoring system is a very large system. There are hundreds of thousands of monitoring points, and personnel monitoring alone cannot meet the security monitoring needs. We must use more advanced intelligent monitoring methods.
Intelligent video surveillance technology is derived from computer vision technology. The most commonly used function in video analysis technology is “intrusion detectionâ€. It can perform real-time tracking and analysis on video surveillance images, and analyze and track the camera scene by separating the background and target in the scene. Within the target, automatically detect the abnormal behavior of suspicious objects and people entering or leaving a certain area in certain locations or within a certain period of time, the system will automatically send out an alarm, the monitoring station will automatically pop up alarm information and issue a warning tone. Image intelligence analysis technology has been applied to some extent in some domestic airports. In the design and construction of Shanghai Pudong Airport T2 terminal building, dynamic video detection technology was introduced.
The advantage of intelligent video surveillance is that it can monitor and analyze the surveillance area 24 hours a day, day by day, freeing the security personnel from the monotonous work of the "staring" monitor. Compared with personnel monitoring image screens, intelligent monitoring has higher reliability, can effectively improve the accuracy of monitoring and alarming, and greatly reduces the occurrence of false positives and false negatives.
It can be foreseen that intelligent analysis and other new security technologies (such as iris, face recognition, etc.) will surely be more widely used in the construction of airport security systems in the future, thus safeguarding the safety of air transport.
The airport security alarm subsystem alarm subsystem accounts for a relatively small proportion of the airport's entire security system (150 alarm points in the Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal T3), but it is also very important. Because airport security is more focused on the prior, the discovery in order to stop the occurrence of the incident in a timely manner. Alarm subsystems generally have to be linked to the monitoring system and are therefore usually included in the monitoring system. The application of the alarm system is generally limited to the airport terminal building, with the terminal weak integration system, fire alarm system, public radio and television, building automation system function linkage and integration. The airport security department generally divides the airport into several areas. In each area, alarm detectors with different density are installed as required. The alarm host is installed in the monitoring center of the terminal building, and the alarm control is set in the public security substation of the terminal building. Using computer data communication methods, the monitoring center's alarm host is linked with the public security branch control center's computer. The public security branch control center uses the PC as the human-machine interface to control the background and manage the monitoring center's alarm host. The entire alarm system uses the alarm host (each with 120 bus-type alarm detectors, 8 local detectors) to receive the alarm signal of each alarm point.
In the airport security defense, relying solely on the video surveillance system is a kind of passive defense. Through the integrated interconnection of the alarm and video surveillance, the application security of the airport's entire security system can be improved. Therefore, the alarm subsystem is also an important part of airport security. The public security system of the airport security public broadcasting subsystem is also part of the entire airport security system, taking into account the fire emergency broadcasting. Its main function is to play airport flight information, airport business information, and public areas and office areas in the airport terminal. Special announcements, emergencies, etc., have background music features. The broadcast mode can be manual broadcast or digital voice synthesis automatic broadcast. All equipment of the entire system is set up in the fire-fighting center, and broadcasting centers, security centers, and command centers can broadcast various types of information to each area through the microphone.
The public address system needs to be linked with the fire alarm system, and the fire control center can automatically implement the emergency broadcast mode through the control signals generated in the fire area.
The airport public broadcasting system generally adopts a distributed distribution design. The broadcasting source is prioritized and the emergency broadcasting has the highest priority. In an emergency situation, normal broadcasts in all response areas will be automatically cut off and replaced by emergency broadcasts from the fire control center so that fire commanders can use the broadcasting system to direct and guide passengers and all personnel in emergency evacuation, safely leaving the site and preventing the order in the field. confusion. Broadcasts in other broadcast areas can be broadcast normally without interference.
When the emergency broadcast starts, business broadcasts, background music broadcasts, and the like are automatically muted. When a blackout occurs and an emergency occurs, the system can be powered by batteries to ensure that the broadcast system is working properly. Airport surveillance camera selection and application characteristics According to needs, the airport surveillance system uses cameras include: integrated indoor spherical camera, integrated outdoor spherical camera, integrated outdoor PTZ camera, indoor fixed hemisphere camera, elevator camera, indoor fixed gun Color cameras, indoor pan/tilt zoom color cameras and many other types. Airport perimeter and flight area surveillance require infrared cameras with night vision capabilities. In addition, the airport also needs to install a small number of large pan-tilts to look at the cameras for large-scale and panoramic monitoring.
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