The automatic tool change function of the machining center is completed by the robot (automatic tool change mechanism) and the relevant control commands of the CNC system.
Tool change process: loading knife, selecting knife, changing tool
Tool change process
(1) Loading the knife: the tool is loaded into the tool magazine
Optional knife seat loading method. The tool is placed in any tool holder and the tool holder number is recorded.
Fixed knife seat loading method. The tool is placed in the set seat.
(2) Selecting a knife
The operation of the specified tool is selected from the magazine.
1) Sequential selection of the knife: The selection of the knives requires that the tools be placed in the holder according to the sequence of the process (ie, the order of use of the tools). When used, the tools are used one by one according to the order of the tools, and then returned to the original holder.
2) Choose a knife at random:
1 Tool holder code selection knife: Encode each tool holder of the tool magazine, and put the tool corresponding to the tool holder code into the specified tool holder. When programming, use the address T to indicate the tool holder code of the tool.
2 computer memory selection knife
The tool number is stored in the memory of the computer or the memory of the programmable controller corresponding to the tool position or the tool holder number. The tool storage address changes and the computer memory changes. The position detection device is installed in the magazine, and the cutter can be taken out arbitrarily and sent back.
(3) Tool change
1) The tool on the spindle and the tool to be changed in the magazine are optional tool holders.
Tool magazine → Select tool → Change tool position → Robot remove tool → Load spindle, and load the tool removed from the spindle into the tool holder of the tool to be changed.
2) The tool on the spindle is placed in a fixed holder. The tool to be changed is an optional holder or a fixed holder.
When the tool selection process is the same as above, when the tool is removed from the spindle and sent back to the tool magazine during tool change, the tool magazine should be rotated to the position where the spindle tool is received.
3) The tool on the spindle is an optional tool holder, and the tool to be changed is a fixed tool holder.
With the same knife selected, the tool removed from the spindle is sent to the nearest empty tool position.
2. Preparation of automatic tool change program
(1) Tool change action (command): tool selection (T××); tool change (M06)
(2) The selection and tool change are usually carried out separately.
(3) In order to improve the utilization rate of the machine tool, the tool selection action coincides with the machine tool machining action.
(4) The tool change command M06 must be before the block with the new tool, and the next tool change command T is always followed by the tool change command.
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