On March 17, the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shaanxi Yanchang Group announced in Beijing that the world’s first coal-based ethanol industrialization project with China’s independent intellectual property rights – Shaanxi’s extension of the 100,000-ton/year syngas-to-ethanol industry demonstration project has been completed. , Produce qualified anhydrous ethanol, the device has been running smoothly for two months. This is another major breakthrough in the application of China's new coal chemical industrialization technology, which is of great significance to safeguarding China's energy security, food security, clean coal use, and mitigation of air pollution.
Ethanol (alcohol) is a high-quality clean fuel
Ethanol is alcohol. It can blend white wine, medical disinfection. In industry, it can be used as a solvent for varnish, cosmetics, ink, paint remover, and also as a raw material for the manufacture of pesticides, rubber, plastics, man-made fibers, and detergents. In fact, ethanol is most useful as a gasoline additive, and 66% of the world's ethanol is added to gasoline as fuel ethanol. Academician Liu Zhongmin, deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Dahua Institute, said that gasoline supplemented with ethanol has increased oxygen content, more complete combustion of gasoline, and emission of atmospheric pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, particulates, nitrogen oxides, and benzene harmful substances. Significantly reduced, integrated emissions reduced by more than 1/3.
Using food can produce ethanol. However, in order to prevent threats to food security, China’s grain-based fuel ethanol has not opened up. In 2006, the state regained the approval authority for fuel ethanol projects.
"At present, the main mode of ethanol production in the world is still the fermentation method." Liu Zhongmin said that the United States uses corn as raw material to produce 44.24 million tons of fuel ethanol per year, and Brazil uses sucrose as raw material to produce 21,280,000 tons per year, while China mainly uses Chenhualiang as Annual output of raw materials for fuel ethanol is only 2.5 million tons. Based on national conditions, the production of non-food fuel ethanol is our inevitable choice, and we must give full play to China's advantages in coal resources.
Unique technical route
For a long time, the use of fossil resources to produce ethanol has been the pursuit of the world. It is urgent for China to develop coal-based fuel ethanol production technology. There is no precedent in foreign countries, and the direct production of ethanol from syngas through coal is a worldwide challenge.
After years of research, the Institute of Chemical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed a process route of using coal-based synthesis gas as raw material, methanol, dimethyl ether carbonylation, and hydrogenation to synthesize ethanol. Using non-precious metal catalysts, anhydrous ethanol can be directly produced. This is a unique and environmentally friendly new technology route.
In 2010, Dahua Institute started a small-scale laboratory test and a mid-scale test. Through a large number of innovative researches and breakthroughs, it successfully developed a highly active and highly stable molecular sieve carbonylation catalyst, which has achieved significant carbonylation in dimethyl ether. breakthrough. In September 2015, the National Energy Administration commissioned the China Petrochemical Industry Federation to appraise the project's pilot test results. The appraisal committee believes that the technical indicators are advanced and their application is strong. Compared with similar international technologies, the main indicators have reached the international advanced level. The project was listed in the National Energy Administration's “Energy Technology Innovation Action Plan (2016-2030)â€.
In 2014, Dalian Institute of Chemicals and Yanchang Petroleum launched a 100,000-ton/year syngas-to-ethanol industrial demonstration project. At the end of last year, the plant was jointly tested. At the beginning of this year, qualified anhydrous ethanol was produced with a purity of 99.71%.
Significant social benefits
The success of the 100,000-ton/year synthetic gas ethanol demonstration project has significant social benefits. Ethanol can replace gasoline and reduce emissions. Academician Zhang Tao, the deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that the success of this project has made it possible for China to widely promote ethanol gasoline, especially in areas with rich coal resources and limited food resources in the Midwest. In fact, Shaanxi Yanchang Group has completed the feasibility study of a 500,000-ton industrial plant, and Xinjiang Tianye Group is also preparing to establish a million-ton-grade coal-based ethanol plant.
Academician Liu Zhongmin said that the current domestic methanol plant operating rate is only 58%, this ethanol technology in the process and methanol synthesis has some commonalities. Therefore, "this technology can transform the existing large excess of methanol plants into ethanol plants, which will help adjust the industrial structure and release production capacity."
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