According to field surveys and expert consultation results, in 2011, the crop pests and diseases of various crops in the country were generally biased, and some pests and diseases were outbreaks and epidemics, with an area of ​​about 6 billion mu.
At present, during the wheat growing season, most of the wheat in the main wheat producing areas in China has entered the stage of rejuvenation. With the temperature rising, wheat aphids, wheat spiders, sheath blight, underground insects, cyst nematode, yellow mosaic disease, stripe rust, Powdery mildew and other diseases will continue to enter the critical period. Due to the continuous drought and the high winter base due to the wheat sowing, wheat aphid and wheat spiders will occur seriously. According to a recent survey in Henan Province, the current area of ​​wheat pupa in the province is nearly 13 million mu, with an average of more than 40 scorpions, reaching 1000 to 3,000 heads locally; 7 million mu of wheat spiders, with an average of 20 to 30 worms per foot. Head, the highest is more than 2000; the area of ​​wheat sheath blight is 15 million mu, the average ward rate is 40%, and the disease rate is 6%. Recent investigations in Dehong, Yunnan, Mianyang, Sichuan, Tianshui, Gansu and other places have found that wheat stripe rust has occurred severely in local wheat fields. All localities need to deploy arrangements early, prepare for prevention and control in advance, and prevent outbreaks and epidemics of major pests and diseases. The first is to strengthen the monitoring of pests and diseases, and to grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases in time. The agricultural departments at all levels should include pest control and control as the key measures to capture the harvest of summer grain, closely monitor the occurrence of pests and diseases, release information on pest control in advance, formulate prevention and control plans in advance, and prepare for prevention and control of medical devices.
The second is to choose the right medicine. For example, the control of wheat bran can be used 25% eucalyptus emulsifiable concentrate, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, 20% butyl thiocarbamate emulsifiable concentrate, and anti-pirone, endosulfan, imidacloprid, acetamiprid series products; Pesticide, 20% hydrazine WP, 15% eucalyptus emulsifiable concentrate, etc.; for the control of wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight and other diseases, triazolone, diniconazole, propiconazole, terazos , Kehui and other triazole fungicides; 40% compound carbendazim suspension, 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 50% thiophanate wettable powder, 50% thiram wettable powder for controlling wheat scab , 40% Duofu mixture and so on. All localities can consult with local agricultural materials or plant protection departments, and choose according to the type of pests and diseases.
The third is to strictly control the period of drug use and the amount of drug used, and to achieve standard control. For example, when wheat aphids have more than 500 heads or more than 25% of aphids, they should be sprayed in time; when the proportion of natural enemies such as ladybugs and wheat bran is greater than 1:150, it is not necessary to carry out chemical control. After the wheat is greened, the spiders should have more than 200 spiders per foot and more than 20% of the upper leaves of the wheat. The key to the prevention and control of wheat scab is to grasp the short-term weather forecast. The wheat susceptible varieties or the areas that may encounter high temperature and rain during the flowering to filling period are the key points for prevention and control. The spraying is continued for 2~3 times in the initial flowering period of wheat, every 7 days. once. For wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight and other diseases, 15% triazodone wettable powder 100g or 12.5% ​​diniconazole suspending agent 40ml per acre can be sprayed with water, and the control effect is ideal. Especially in the northwestern Hubei, Yunguichuan, Henan, southern Shaanxi, Chongqing and other wheat stripe rust spring fungal sources, it is necessary to take "drug reconnaissance, find a little control", to implement a unified defense rule on the diseased wheat field, to control the disease to the main The spread of wheat fields has spread.
Peasant Daily (Chen Wanquan, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
At present, during the wheat growing season, most of the wheat in the main wheat producing areas in China has entered the stage of rejuvenation. With the temperature rising, wheat aphids, wheat spiders, sheath blight, underground insects, cyst nematode, yellow mosaic disease, stripe rust, Powdery mildew and other diseases will continue to enter the critical period. Due to the continuous drought and the high winter base due to the wheat sowing, wheat aphid and wheat spiders will occur seriously. According to a recent survey in Henan Province, the current area of ​​wheat pupa in the province is nearly 13 million mu, with an average of more than 40 scorpions, reaching 1000 to 3,000 heads locally; 7 million mu of wheat spiders, with an average of 20 to 30 worms per foot. Head, the highest is more than 2000; the area of ​​wheat sheath blight is 15 million mu, the average ward rate is 40%, and the disease rate is 6%. Recent investigations in Dehong, Yunnan, Mianyang, Sichuan, Tianshui, Gansu and other places have found that wheat stripe rust has occurred severely in local wheat fields. All localities need to deploy arrangements early, prepare for prevention and control in advance, and prevent outbreaks and epidemics of major pests and diseases. The first is to strengthen the monitoring of pests and diseases, and to grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases in time. The agricultural departments at all levels should include pest control and control as the key measures to capture the harvest of summer grain, closely monitor the occurrence of pests and diseases, release information on pest control in advance, formulate prevention and control plans in advance, and prepare for prevention and control of medical devices.
The second is to choose the right medicine. For example, the control of wheat bran can be used 25% eucalyptus emulsifiable concentrate, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, 20% butyl thiocarbamate emulsifiable concentrate, and anti-pirone, endosulfan, imidacloprid, acetamiprid series products; Pesticide, 20% hydrazine WP, 15% eucalyptus emulsifiable concentrate, etc.; for the control of wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight and other diseases, triazolone, diniconazole, propiconazole, terazos , Kehui and other triazole fungicides; 40% compound carbendazim suspension, 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 50% thiophanate wettable powder, 50% thiram wettable powder for controlling wheat scab , 40% Duofu mixture and so on. All localities can consult with local agricultural materials or plant protection departments, and choose according to the type of pests and diseases.
The third is to strictly control the period of drug use and the amount of drug used, and to achieve standard control. For example, when wheat aphids have more than 500 heads or more than 25% of aphids, they should be sprayed in time; when the proportion of natural enemies such as ladybugs and wheat bran is greater than 1:150, it is not necessary to carry out chemical control. After the wheat is greened, the spiders should have more than 200 spiders per foot and more than 20% of the upper leaves of the wheat. The key to the prevention and control of wheat scab is to grasp the short-term weather forecast. The wheat susceptible varieties or the areas that may encounter high temperature and rain during the flowering to filling period are the key points for prevention and control. The spraying is continued for 2~3 times in the initial flowering period of wheat, every 7 days. once. For wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight and other diseases, 15% triazodone wettable powder 100g or 12.5% ​​diniconazole suspending agent 40ml per acre can be sprayed with water, and the control effect is ideal. Especially in the northwestern Hubei, Yunguichuan, Henan, southern Shaanxi, Chongqing and other wheat stripe rust spring fungal sources, it is necessary to take "drug reconnaissance, find a little control", to implement a unified defense rule on the diseased wheat field, to control the disease to the main The spread of wheat fields has spread.
Peasant Daily (Chen Wanquan, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
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