The application of antibiotics in animal husbandry in China for nearly 60 years has played a huge role in the rapid development of animal husbandry in China. But at the same time, due to incorrect and non-standard use, it also reveals some security concerns. The addition of antibiotics to feed can control the occurrence of livestock diseases, promote the growth and development of livestock and poultry, and improve feed remuneration, which has been widely recognized in production practice. However, due to irregular and unreasonable use, it may also lead to increased resistance of pathogenic microorganisms, destruction of the original microbial balance in animals, drug residues in animal products, and environmental pollution.
In today's increasingly harsh public health and safety, the use of antibiotics in feed has also raised some doubts, and the call for comprehensive "ban" is growing. But is this timing ripe? What are the challenges? What is the evaluation of antibiotics in the feed industry? How can the government play a good role on the road of gradually pushing forward the "ban"? It can be said that the society knows very little about this.
The previous issue of "Guangdong Feed" magazine has published the article "Regulations on the use of antibiotics in the feed industry is the mainstream", focusing on the current use and problems of antibiotics in the feed industry, which has caused quite a lot of repercussions in the industry. In line with the original intention of "promoting the healthy development of the industry and resolutely safeguarding food safety", "Guangdong Feed" magazine from March 20th to May 10th, through the network, conference, telephone consultation and visits, etc. A more comprehensive study of the “antibiotic application†situation. A total of 116 questionnaires were sent out in this survey, and 78 valid questionnaires were returned. The survey included general managers and technical directors of feed enterprises, field farmer, technicians and industry experts.
It is hoped that through this survey, the public can have a more objective and rational understanding of the use of antibiotics in the feed industry, and promote the feed industry and aquaculture industry to move toward the "no resistance" road!
First, the use of antibiotics introduction
In July 2001, the Ministry of Agriculture of China issued the No. 168 Announcement “Code for the Use of Feed Drug Additives†(hereinafter referred to as the “Specificationsâ€), which imposed strict regulations on feed antibiotics. According to the "Specifications", there are currently 33 kinds of feed pharmaceutical additives that are allowed to be added for a long time in the feed (the varieties are included in Appendix 1 of the Code). “Production of feed containing ingredients listed in Appendix 1 of the Code must indicate the name, content, scope of application, withdrawal period regulations and precautions of the veterinary drug ingredients contained in the product label.†Moreover, all commercial feeds may not be used. Add the veterinary ingredients listed in Appendix 2 of the Code.
The survey results show that the visceral materials and pig feeds in our province have the most varieties of antibiotics, and the laying hens and ducks are relatively small, and the aquatic products are basically not used. Among them, Roxarsone premix, anti-enantiomer, Maduramycin ammonium premix, bacitracin zinc, nosiheptide premix, and virginiamycin premix are relatively common antibiotics.
Many interviewees said that the use of four or five varieties of the 33 feed drug additives currently listed is sufficient to prevent animal diseases and promote animal growth.
More than 95% of feed companies have made it clear that they will not add veterinary ingredients listed in “Appendix II†to the commercial feed.
Second, the effect of antibiotic use evaluation
Among the questions “whether the drugs listed in Appendix I of the Code and the amount of additives specified can meet the current disease prevention needsâ€, 42% chose “not satisfied†and 46% chose “basically satisfiedâ€. It is unclear that it accounts for 12%, which indicates that there is still a big difference in the industry.
The main basis for the "unsatisfied" is: in view of the current incidence of animals, especially pigs, sulfuric acid anti-enantiomers, bacitracin zinc premix, nosiheptide premix, chlorpheniramine hydrochloride premix The equal dose requirements are low, especially for the prevention and control of avian anticoccidial disease and diarrhea in suckling pigs.
Some experts stressed that the use of drugs is affected by many factors. The industry should update the understanding of disease prevention and disease resistance of livestock and poultry. It cannot focus on the addition of antibiotics to feeds. It is not feasible to rely solely on vaccines and drugs. Comprehensive measures to improve the breeding environment, improve feed nutrient supply (such as fermentation, puffing), and innovative management models (such as prolonged breastfeeding time).
Third, the use of antibiotics problems
The application of antibiotics in animal husbandry in China for nearly 60 years has played a huge role in the rapid development of animal husbandry in China. But at the same time, due to incorrect and non-standard use, it also reveals some security concerns.
In the survey of “Problems in the application of antibiotics in the feed industry in our provinceâ€, we found that:
47% of respondents chose “overuseâ€. This shows that in the increasingly complicated and serious situation of animal diseases, in order to meet the needs of farmers for disease prevention and treatment, some feed enterprises do not strictly abide by the Ministry of Agriculture No. 168 announcement and excessive use of antibiotics. According to the situation of the visit, some antibiotics sold on the market have insufficient effective dose, the actual ingredients are inconsistent with the label, and the effect of the drug is exaggerated. This is also a reason that cannot be ignored. On the issue of "excessive use" of antibiotics, the government still needs to further strengthen supervision and increase supervision and investigation. Large feed companies especially need to lead by example and have the responsibility to promote industry self-discipline.
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