In the 50 years of 2008, the cold winter of 20 days, with a continuous low temperature (minimum temperature -10 degrees), caused a catastrophic blow to southern crops, especially citrus and tea trees. This article will: How to judge the degree and harm of citrus trees to be frozen, to treat frozen citrus trees, from the growth characteristics of citrus trees, to analyze the test results, how to restore the normal and high yield of frozen citrus trees, etc. In one aspect, we will use a full-effect balanced fertilization to quickly restore the normal growth of frozen citrus trees.
First, how to judge the degree and damage of citrus trees to be frozen To treat frozen citrus trees, we must first know how to judge the degree of freezing of citrus trees. The citrus tree is subject to freezing damage and has a grading standard for freezing damage. We will use this standard:
1. Light-frozen trees (1-2 freeze damage): Most of the annual branches are green, and some old leaves are healthy. Lightly frozen trees only need to trim the frozen leaves before and after the spring equinox, and balance the full-effect fertilization in time, which has no effect on the current output.
2, frozen trees (Grade 3 freeze damage): all the annual branches are frozen to death, most of the two-year-old branches are frozen and some of the backbone branches are frostbitten. If the frozen tree is not managed well, it will cause the output to drop by more than 40% in that year.
3. Re-frozen trees (Grade 4 freeze damage): The first, second and third year of the shoots and most of the backbone branches are frozen and dead, and the trunk is severely frozen.
The refreezing tree should be specially managed. If it is fertilized and managed according to the routine, it will be saved, and there will be no production in that year.
Dead tree (Grade 5 freeze): The scion is completely frozen and the rootstock is green. The dead tree can no longer be saved according to the conventional method. According to the new scientific planting technique, as long as the main root is 60% healthy and the capillary root is 20% sound, it can be saved, but it affects the annual output of 50%.
The above is the basic knowledge for judging the degree of freezing and harm of citrus trees. Based on the above knowledge, orange farmers can judge the degree and harm of citrus trees they have been frozen.
II. Treatment of frozen citrus trees In order to study the effective treatment of frozen citrus trees, the author conducted four kinds of comparative pruning fertilization tests on frozen trees from February 13 to 22, 2008: A-urea, B - Compound fertilizer, C-organic inorganic fertilizer, D-good luck bear full-effect fertilizer; the following are replaced by letters.
On February 13th, after the frozen citrus tree was trimmed to freeze the broken branches, it was observed on February 22nd: under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning mouth all healed, 35% Budding buds; B-pruning sockets just started to close, 30% healed; C-cutting sockets 60% healed, 17% budding buds; D-cutting sockets all healed, 70% budding buds, 30% issued new leaves.
On February 13th, after the frozen citrus tree was pruned and frozen, on February 22, under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning mouth 85% healing, 15% Bud bud; B-pruning socket 75% just started to close, 15% healed; C-pruning socket 50% healing, 10% budding bud; D-pruning socket all healed, 80% budding bud, 20% issued new leaf.
On February 13th, the frozen citrus trees were pruned and frozen, and on February 22, under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning fistula began to heal, 5% budding Bud; B-cutting socket 30% just started to close, no healing mouth; C-cutting socket 40% healing, 2% budding bud; D-pruning socket all healed, 60% budding bud, 20% issued new leaves.
On February 13th, after the 20-cent root system was frozen on the frozen citrus tree, 20 trees that were 60% healthy for the main root and 40% healthy for the capillary roots were preserved after trimming the frozen branches. After 5 knots; use two kinds of rescue methods: one is 30 cm away from the main root, digging three strips, one wide, three centimeters wide, and 0.6 meters long, and the four fertilizers are all fertilizer 1: water After the ratio of 10 is mixed, the soil is applied to the ditch; the second is to use a plastic bottle and a disposable hanging needle, according to the fertilizer 1: water 10 times, at the second branch, direct infusion; each of the two ways The amount of trees used is 1:10 times liquid 2L. On February 23, under the conditions of 7 days of accumulated temperature of 15 degrees or more, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning fistula closed, 40% fistula healed; B-pruning socket just started to close, no healing fistula; C - The pruning socket is 50% closed, 20% of the mouth is healed; the D-pruning socket is all healed, 60% of the buds are sprouted, and 20% are new leaves.
The fertilization method of 1, 2, and 3 is a radial strip-shaped ditch, which is 30 cm deep, 1 kg per tree, and 1:10 times for a lucky bear. In particular, the time for citrus pruning and fertilization is the first to be horrified. Otherwise, if the cold mouth is encountered before the trimming mouth is closed, it will be repeatedly frozen and cannot be treated.
Third, from the growth characteristics of citrus trees, analysis of test results Citrus trees are perennial hi-sweet deep root plants. Its physiological characteristics are: relying on capillary roots to absorb inorganic minerals from the soil, relying on leaves to absorb more than 85% of the tree's carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other minerals below 15% (mainly 13 kinds: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium , calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, molybdenum, iron, zinc, copper, aluminum, boron) to obtain energy; then through the leaf surface for light energy conversion, the conversion rate is between 0.18-5.5. The conversion process is: the capillary root transports the obtained energy (mineral material) to the branch of the stem of the tree, and then the nitrogen and iron, copper and zinc-based minerals are transported to the leaf surface by the branch, and pass through the leaf surface. Photosynthesis produces chlorophyll, which is then converted back into the nodule and converted into protease. Protease is like the gastric juice of the tree, helping other minerals and light to convert energy in the branches to produce the nutrients needed by the tree to ensure healthy growth.
The capillary root of citrus is mainly grown in the soil layer of 25-45cm. When the local surface temperature is -1 degree, the soil temperature below 25cm is about 2 degrees, and the capillary root is in a dormant state. When the local surface temperature is 3 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is 5 Around the degree, the capillary root is in a semi-dormant state; when the local surface temperature is higher than 8-18 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is within 10-19 degrees, the capillary roots begin to recover, absorb minerals, and chlorophyll begins to transform protease and grow normally; When the temperature of the local table exceeds 20-30 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is within 16-25 degrees, and the capillary root is in the best nutrient absorption state, which is the ripening period of the citrus tree fruit; when the local table temperature is higher than 30 degrees, 25 cm The following soil temperature is above 26 degrees, and the citrus roots are in a state of excitement, which is the highest point of tree light energy conversion. When the local table temperature is below -4 degrees, the soil temperature below 25 cm is about -3 degrees, and the capillary root freezing probability of citrus trees is below 10%.
According to this rule, citrus trees should not be frozen in this year's cold winter, but why are there a large number of citrus trees frozen? Because we did not apply fertilization management according to the laws of citrus trees. The reason is three:
In order to reduce our labor intensity, we did not apply fertilizer to the citrus tree law. In all the places I went, I saw that the peasants were all shallow, the depth of fertilization was more than 15 cm, and it was still applied in the strips outside the canopy projection, and even more on the ground. The hazard of shallow application is that it violates the fattening of the capillary roots, that is to say, the fat is there, and the capillary roots grow there. Fertilizer is applied to the surface layer, and the capillary roots are of course longer to the surface. I saw that all frozen citrus trees, 80% of the capillary roots are grown in the soil layer of 1-10 cm. The capillary roots that grow in the surface layer will not only freeze under -2 degrees, but the greater harm is to provide conditions for the spread of diseases and insects; this is one of the reasons for the high incidence of our pests and diseases.
Now the application of three elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) based fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing of urea and single element micro-fertilizer; management and control of pests and diseases, supplemented by picking belt pruning. The nutrition of three elements, organic and inorganic fertilizers, and farmyard manure cannot satisfy the growth of citrus trees because the nutrients are not comprehensive and unbalanced. Those who have studied botany know "Mineral Nutrition". Using the three laws of mineral nutrition, we know that these fertilizers can not meet the normal growth needs of citrus trees.
To ensure the normal growth of citrus trees, it is necessary to provide comprehensive and balanced nutrition for the trees. Urea is nitrogen, the role of nitrogen is to produce chlorophyll and then converted into protease; partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in a diminishing return rate, but also makes the citrus taste too light. The compound fertilizer must have water at a temperature above 20 degrees to dissolve normally. The dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are not comprehensive, or a unified formula, so the nutrition is not balanced, and the utilization rate is only about 25%. Because of the dissolution conditions of compound fertilizer, it has little effect on the recovery of citrus trees in early spring. Single-element foliar fertilizer and organic-inorganic fertilizer are more unbalanced, and have little effect on the recovery function of capillary roots.
In order to further study the growth characteristics of citrus capillary roots, the author made a three-day, one-slice microscope observation and comparison test and found that the effects of capillary roots and leaf surface are as follows:
When the capillary roots are restored, the leaf surface is composed of polymeric elements and photosynthetic chlorophyll to form nutrients to ensure the normal growth of the citrus trees; the second is to transfer the converted energy to provide nutrients for the recovery of the capillary roots.
The test after I cut off the citrus leaves showed that the capillary roots naturally recovered mainly by the nutrients transported by the foliage. Without the nutrition of the foliar transport, the obvious effect of natural recovery could not be seen after 9 days.
The main conditions for the recovery of capillary roots are: temperature above 14 degrees, humidity above 65%, nutrients can only promote the growth of capillary roots under the premise of temperature and humidity.
The nutrients that accelerate the growth of capillary roots must be balanced, in line with the three theorems of mineral nutrition. There is no comprehensive balanced nutrient element, and the recovery of capillary roots is slow. This is the main reason why urea, compound fertilizer, and organic and inorganic fertilizers are used without the effect of auspicious bears.
The latest data: On the 24th of February, the daily temperature suddenly dropped below 10 degrees. When sampling at 16 points, the growth of the capillary root of ABC was stopped. The mouth of the 10-day trimmed mouth began to smear, and the sprouts began to curl. Only the full-effect fertilizer is still normal. So once again remind you not to prematurely in order to prevent cold wave pruning.
4. How to restore the normal growth of citrus trees quickly, well and in a province. Treating frozen citrus trees is to properly trim and effectively manage fertilizer and water. Reasonable pruning is to cut off the frozen branches and leaves to facilitate the growth of new branches and leaves. Effective management of fertilizer and water is the necessary nutrients for germination and growth.
Reasonable pruning and reasonable pruning is to trim off the frozen branches and leaves to provide sprouting branches for the growth of new shoots under the premise of suitable temperature and humidity, so as to ensure that the citrus trees can germinate and bloom normally during the germination period; Key: First, what time to pruning, and second, what leaves to trim.
1. When is the time to trim? Early on, the new wounds continue to be frozen without proper growth under the conditions of temperature and humidity. When the temperature and humidity are suitable, there is no germination ability. Late, after germination and germination, it will affect the germination rate, resulting in low yield in the same year, and also failed to achieve the goal. The best time for pruning is 15-20 days before the germination of the lunar calendar in March. The temperature above 15 days is more than 15 degrees, and it is also combined with fertilizer management and fertilizer efficiency. For the application of compound fertilizer not only must be combined with watering, but also more than 30 days in advance, the temperature is above 20 degrees, the humidity is above 65%, or the germination rate is less than 60%.
What leaves are trimmed? All frozen branches should be cut off. When the frozen citrus tree is at level 4, there will be no good branches. How should it be trimmed? After the 4-5 grade frostbite, the soil should be cut first to observe the main root and the capillary root. The main root must not be black and healthy to more than 60%, the capillary root must not be black and the health is above 30%, only to restore normal growth. When the root system meets the requirements, only the frozen dead branches are trimmed. If there are more than three stalks of the main lychee, it can be saved. The result can be 30% in the same year, and the normal result can be obtained in the second year. According to our test, the frozen tree of level 5 can also save more than 60%.
Effective management of fertilizer and water Effective management of fertilizer and water is based on mineral nutrition, combined with the growth characteristics of citrus trees and the amount of nutrients required, comprehensive, balanced and precise fertilization. Only by providing a comprehensive balance of nutrients can the capillary roots of frozen citrus trees restore physiology in 10-15 days. Hubei Yidu auspicious formula fertilizer production: Jixiang bear brand citrus full-effect nutrient solution, after a large number of use, especially after testing the frozen citrus tree, after obtaining valuable data and achieving good results, Only specifically proposed. The reason why the lucky bear full-effect citrus fertilizer can quickly restore the growth function of citrus trees in 1-15 days is because:
Citrus full-effect fertilizer is the only full-effect fertilizer produced according to the three laws of mineral nutrition.
It is the only one that is formulated according to the amount of 13 elements required for the citrus tree to produce 100 kilograms of fruit per day.
It is the only water-soluble fertilizer produced by national patents. It guarantees that it contains no non-nutrients, no residue and heavy metals, and is a green clean fertilizer.
It is a comprehensive balanced fertilizer of 13 nutrients, and its fertilizer efficiency is about 50% higher than that of three elements and single element fertilizer.
It is convenient and simple to use; at 15-20 degrees temperature, 60% humidity or more, according to the ratio of fertilizer 1: water 10, the leaf surface spray or open 10X10 cm groove root can be poured.
6. Minimal input: Citrus only needs 1 pot/mu (5L) in germination, 2 pots/mu in fruit setting period, 2 pots/mu in strong fruit period, 2 pots/mu in flower bud differentiation period, only fertilization in the whole year. 7 pots / 175 yuan. Since the full-effect fertilizer improves the comprehensive ability of the citrus tree, it can prevent and control conventional pests and diseases and reduce the use of pesticides by 50%.
We used the full-effect fertilizer to do the following experiments: the flower bud differentiation period of the autumn base fertilizer experiment. Purpose: To replace autumn-based fertilizer. 60 acres of citrus. Geography: Yichang is 400 meters above sea level. The dosage is 2 pots/mu. Method: Open three ditches at a distance of 40 cm from the main root of the tree. The width and depth of the ditch are 10×10 cm. After pouring the water 1:20 times, the soil is poured. Effect: Observed on February 20, 2008: In the 15 days of heavy snow with an average temperature of -4 degrees and an extreme temperature of -10 degrees, the capillary roots all grow well, and the branches are only frozen at 1-2 levels; It is level 3 frozen. According to the above test, it can be inferred: "Only a comprehensive balance of nutrition can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots." This conclusion is supported by a comparative trial of fertilization in summer and autumn. The test area is 20 mu, the amount of mu is 2 pots/time, the water exchange rate is: fertilizer 1: water 30; when harvesting, the yield is increased by 100 kg/mu, the fruit surface is smooth and beautiful, the entrance taste is long and slag, the skin is thin, and there is no residue.
Hubei Yidu Jixiang Bear Chief Engineer: Xiong Hongwu Email:
First, how to judge the degree and damage of citrus trees to be frozen To treat frozen citrus trees, we must first know how to judge the degree of freezing of citrus trees. The citrus tree is subject to freezing damage and has a grading standard for freezing damage. We will use this standard:
1. Light-frozen trees (1-2 freeze damage): Most of the annual branches are green, and some old leaves are healthy. Lightly frozen trees only need to trim the frozen leaves before and after the spring equinox, and balance the full-effect fertilization in time, which has no effect on the current output.
2, frozen trees (Grade 3 freeze damage): all the annual branches are frozen to death, most of the two-year-old branches are frozen and some of the backbone branches are frostbitten. If the frozen tree is not managed well, it will cause the output to drop by more than 40% in that year.
3. Re-frozen trees (Grade 4 freeze damage): The first, second and third year of the shoots and most of the backbone branches are frozen and dead, and the trunk is severely frozen.
The refreezing tree should be specially managed. If it is fertilized and managed according to the routine, it will be saved, and there will be no production in that year.
Dead tree (Grade 5 freeze): The scion is completely frozen and the rootstock is green. The dead tree can no longer be saved according to the conventional method. According to the new scientific planting technique, as long as the main root is 60% healthy and the capillary root is 20% sound, it can be saved, but it affects the annual output of 50%.
The above is the basic knowledge for judging the degree of freezing and harm of citrus trees. Based on the above knowledge, orange farmers can judge the degree and harm of citrus trees they have been frozen.
II. Treatment of frozen citrus trees In order to study the effective treatment of frozen citrus trees, the author conducted four kinds of comparative pruning fertilization tests on frozen trees from February 13 to 22, 2008: A-urea, B - Compound fertilizer, C-organic inorganic fertilizer, D-good luck bear full-effect fertilizer; the following are replaced by letters.
On February 13th, after the frozen citrus tree was trimmed to freeze the broken branches, it was observed on February 22nd: under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning mouth all healed, 35% Budding buds; B-pruning sockets just started to close, 30% healed; C-cutting sockets 60% healed, 17% budding buds; D-cutting sockets all healed, 70% budding buds, 30% issued new leaves.
On February 13th, after the frozen citrus tree was pruned and frozen, on February 22, under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning mouth 85% healing, 15% Bud bud; B-pruning socket 75% just started to close, 15% healed; C-pruning socket 50% healing, 10% budding bud; D-pruning socket all healed, 80% budding bud, 20% issued new leaf.
On February 13th, the frozen citrus trees were pruned and frozen, and on February 22, under the condition of 7 days of daily temperature of 15 degrees, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning fistula began to heal, 5% budding Bud; B-cutting socket 30% just started to close, no healing mouth; C-cutting socket 40% healing, 2% budding bud; D-pruning socket all healed, 60% budding bud, 20% issued new leaves.
On February 13th, after the 20-cent root system was frozen on the frozen citrus tree, 20 trees that were 60% healthy for the main root and 40% healthy for the capillary roots were preserved after trimming the frozen branches. After 5 knots; use two kinds of rescue methods: one is 30 cm away from the main root, digging three strips, one wide, three centimeters wide, and 0.6 meters long, and the four fertilizers are all fertilizer 1: water After the ratio of 10 is mixed, the soil is applied to the ditch; the second is to use a plastic bottle and a disposable hanging needle, according to the fertilizer 1: water 10 times, at the second branch, direct infusion; each of the two ways The amount of trees used is 1:10 times liquid 2L. On February 23, under the conditions of 7 days of accumulated temperature of 15 degrees or more, the effects of the four methods were: A-pruning fistula closed, 40% fistula healed; B-pruning socket just started to close, no healing fistula; C - The pruning socket is 50% closed, 20% of the mouth is healed; the D-pruning socket is all healed, 60% of the buds are sprouted, and 20% are new leaves.
The fertilization method of 1, 2, and 3 is a radial strip-shaped ditch, which is 30 cm deep, 1 kg per tree, and 1:10 times for a lucky bear. In particular, the time for citrus pruning and fertilization is the first to be horrified. Otherwise, if the cold mouth is encountered before the trimming mouth is closed, it will be repeatedly frozen and cannot be treated.
Third, from the growth characteristics of citrus trees, analysis of test results Citrus trees are perennial hi-sweet deep root plants. Its physiological characteristics are: relying on capillary roots to absorb inorganic minerals from the soil, relying on leaves to absorb more than 85% of the tree's carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other minerals below 15% (mainly 13 kinds: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium , calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, molybdenum, iron, zinc, copper, aluminum, boron) to obtain energy; then through the leaf surface for light energy conversion, the conversion rate is between 0.18-5.5. The conversion process is: the capillary root transports the obtained energy (mineral material) to the branch of the stem of the tree, and then the nitrogen and iron, copper and zinc-based minerals are transported to the leaf surface by the branch, and pass through the leaf surface. Photosynthesis produces chlorophyll, which is then converted back into the nodule and converted into protease. Protease is like the gastric juice of the tree, helping other minerals and light to convert energy in the branches to produce the nutrients needed by the tree to ensure healthy growth.
The capillary root of citrus is mainly grown in the soil layer of 25-45cm. When the local surface temperature is -1 degree, the soil temperature below 25cm is about 2 degrees, and the capillary root is in a dormant state. When the local surface temperature is 3 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is 5 Around the degree, the capillary root is in a semi-dormant state; when the local surface temperature is higher than 8-18 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is within 10-19 degrees, the capillary roots begin to recover, absorb minerals, and chlorophyll begins to transform protease and grow normally; When the temperature of the local table exceeds 20-30 degrees, the soil temperature below 25cm is within 16-25 degrees, and the capillary root is in the best nutrient absorption state, which is the ripening period of the citrus tree fruit; when the local table temperature is higher than 30 degrees, 25 cm The following soil temperature is above 26 degrees, and the citrus roots are in a state of excitement, which is the highest point of tree light energy conversion. When the local table temperature is below -4 degrees, the soil temperature below 25 cm is about -3 degrees, and the capillary root freezing probability of citrus trees is below 10%.
According to this rule, citrus trees should not be frozen in this year's cold winter, but why are there a large number of citrus trees frozen? Because we did not apply fertilization management according to the laws of citrus trees. The reason is three:
In order to reduce our labor intensity, we did not apply fertilizer to the citrus tree law. In all the places I went, I saw that the peasants were all shallow, the depth of fertilization was more than 15 cm, and it was still applied in the strips outside the canopy projection, and even more on the ground. The hazard of shallow application is that it violates the fattening of the capillary roots, that is to say, the fat is there, and the capillary roots grow there. Fertilizer is applied to the surface layer, and the capillary roots are of course longer to the surface. I saw that all frozen citrus trees, 80% of the capillary roots are grown in the soil layer of 1-10 cm. The capillary roots that grow in the surface layer will not only freeze under -2 degrees, but the greater harm is to provide conditions for the spread of diseases and insects; this is one of the reasons for the high incidence of our pests and diseases.
Now the application of three elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) based fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing of urea and single element micro-fertilizer; management and control of pests and diseases, supplemented by picking belt pruning. The nutrition of three elements, organic and inorganic fertilizers, and farmyard manure cannot satisfy the growth of citrus trees because the nutrients are not comprehensive and unbalanced. Those who have studied botany know "Mineral Nutrition". Using the three laws of mineral nutrition, we know that these fertilizers can not meet the normal growth needs of citrus trees.
To ensure the normal growth of citrus trees, it is necessary to provide comprehensive and balanced nutrition for the trees. Urea is nitrogen, the role of nitrogen is to produce chlorophyll and then converted into protease; partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in a diminishing return rate, but also makes the citrus taste too light. The compound fertilizer must have water at a temperature above 20 degrees to dissolve normally. The dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are not comprehensive, or a unified formula, so the nutrition is not balanced, and the utilization rate is only about 25%. Because of the dissolution conditions of compound fertilizer, it has little effect on the recovery of citrus trees in early spring. Single-element foliar fertilizer and organic-inorganic fertilizer are more unbalanced, and have little effect on the recovery function of capillary roots.
In order to further study the growth characteristics of citrus capillary roots, the author made a three-day, one-slice microscope observation and comparison test and found that the effects of capillary roots and leaf surface are as follows:
When the capillary roots are restored, the leaf surface is composed of polymeric elements and photosynthetic chlorophyll to form nutrients to ensure the normal growth of the citrus trees; the second is to transfer the converted energy to provide nutrients for the recovery of the capillary roots.
The test after I cut off the citrus leaves showed that the capillary roots naturally recovered mainly by the nutrients transported by the foliage. Without the nutrition of the foliar transport, the obvious effect of natural recovery could not be seen after 9 days.
The main conditions for the recovery of capillary roots are: temperature above 14 degrees, humidity above 65%, nutrients can only promote the growth of capillary roots under the premise of temperature and humidity.
The nutrients that accelerate the growth of capillary roots must be balanced, in line with the three theorems of mineral nutrition. There is no comprehensive balanced nutrient element, and the recovery of capillary roots is slow. This is the main reason why urea, compound fertilizer, and organic and inorganic fertilizers are used without the effect of auspicious bears.
The latest data: On the 24th of February, the daily temperature suddenly dropped below 10 degrees. When sampling at 16 points, the growth of the capillary root of ABC was stopped. The mouth of the 10-day trimmed mouth began to smear, and the sprouts began to curl. Only the full-effect fertilizer is still normal. So once again remind you not to prematurely in order to prevent cold wave pruning.
4. How to restore the normal growth of citrus trees quickly, well and in a province. Treating frozen citrus trees is to properly trim and effectively manage fertilizer and water. Reasonable pruning is to cut off the frozen branches and leaves to facilitate the growth of new branches and leaves. Effective management of fertilizer and water is the necessary nutrients for germination and growth.
Reasonable pruning and reasonable pruning is to trim off the frozen branches and leaves to provide sprouting branches for the growth of new shoots under the premise of suitable temperature and humidity, so as to ensure that the citrus trees can germinate and bloom normally during the germination period; Key: First, what time to pruning, and second, what leaves to trim.
1. When is the time to trim? Early on, the new wounds continue to be frozen without proper growth under the conditions of temperature and humidity. When the temperature and humidity are suitable, there is no germination ability. Late, after germination and germination, it will affect the germination rate, resulting in low yield in the same year, and also failed to achieve the goal. The best time for pruning is 15-20 days before the germination of the lunar calendar in March. The temperature above 15 days is more than 15 degrees, and it is also combined with fertilizer management and fertilizer efficiency. For the application of compound fertilizer not only must be combined with watering, but also more than 30 days in advance, the temperature is above 20 degrees, the humidity is above 65%, or the germination rate is less than 60%.
What leaves are trimmed? All frozen branches should be cut off. When the frozen citrus tree is at level 4, there will be no good branches. How should it be trimmed? After the 4-5 grade frostbite, the soil should be cut first to observe the main root and the capillary root. The main root must not be black and healthy to more than 60%, the capillary root must not be black and the health is above 30%, only to restore normal growth. When the root system meets the requirements, only the frozen dead branches are trimmed. If there are more than three stalks of the main lychee, it can be saved. The result can be 30% in the same year, and the normal result can be obtained in the second year. According to our test, the frozen tree of level 5 can also save more than 60%.
Effective management of fertilizer and water Effective management of fertilizer and water is based on mineral nutrition, combined with the growth characteristics of citrus trees and the amount of nutrients required, comprehensive, balanced and precise fertilization. Only by providing a comprehensive balance of nutrients can the capillary roots of frozen citrus trees restore physiology in 10-15 days. Hubei Yidu auspicious formula fertilizer production: Jixiang bear brand citrus full-effect nutrient solution, after a large number of use, especially after testing the frozen citrus tree, after obtaining valuable data and achieving good results, Only specifically proposed. The reason why the lucky bear full-effect citrus fertilizer can quickly restore the growth function of citrus trees in 1-15 days is because:
Citrus full-effect fertilizer is the only full-effect fertilizer produced according to the three laws of mineral nutrition.
It is the only one that is formulated according to the amount of 13 elements required for the citrus tree to produce 100 kilograms of fruit per day.
It is the only water-soluble fertilizer produced by national patents. It guarantees that it contains no non-nutrients, no residue and heavy metals, and is a green clean fertilizer.
It is a comprehensive balanced fertilizer of 13 nutrients, and its fertilizer efficiency is about 50% higher than that of three elements and single element fertilizer.
It is convenient and simple to use; at 15-20 degrees temperature, 60% humidity or more, according to the ratio of fertilizer 1: water 10, the leaf surface spray or open 10X10 cm groove root can be poured.
6. Minimal input: Citrus only needs 1 pot/mu (5L) in germination, 2 pots/mu in fruit setting period, 2 pots/mu in strong fruit period, 2 pots/mu in flower bud differentiation period, only fertilization in the whole year. 7 pots / 175 yuan. Since the full-effect fertilizer improves the comprehensive ability of the citrus tree, it can prevent and control conventional pests and diseases and reduce the use of pesticides by 50%.
We used the full-effect fertilizer to do the following experiments: the flower bud differentiation period of the autumn base fertilizer experiment. Purpose: To replace autumn-based fertilizer. 60 acres of citrus. Geography: Yichang is 400 meters above sea level. The dosage is 2 pots/mu. Method: Open three ditches at a distance of 40 cm from the main root of the tree. The width and depth of the ditch are 10×10 cm. After pouring the water 1:20 times, the soil is poured. Effect: Observed on February 20, 2008: In the 15 days of heavy snow with an average temperature of -4 degrees and an extreme temperature of -10 degrees, the capillary roots all grow well, and the branches are only frozen at 1-2 levels; It is level 3 frozen. According to the above test, it can be inferred: "Only a comprehensive balance of nutrition can quickly restore the physiological functions of capillary roots." This conclusion is supported by a comparative trial of fertilization in summer and autumn. The test area is 20 mu, the amount of mu is 2 pots/time, the water exchange rate is: fertilizer 1: water 30; when harvesting, the yield is increased by 100 kg/mu, the fruit surface is smooth and beautiful, the entrance taste is long and slag, the skin is thin, and there is no residue.
Hubei Yidu Jixiang Bear Chief Engineer: Xiong Hongwu Email:
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