Recently, Konstantin Noshowov, a professor of the University of Manchester, who won the Nobel Prize for graphene, and Antonio Nito, a professor at the National University of Singapore, wrote on Advanced Materials that they are from the Americas, Asia and Europe. Analysis of graphene samples from 60 companies revealed significant differences in so-called graphene performance. As such, they called for the development of stringent graphene characterization and production standards while considering physical properties and specific application requirements, and viewed this as the only way to build a healthy and reliable global graphene market.
Not long ago, at the 2018 China International Graphene Innovation Conference held in Xi'an, the Science and Technology Daily reporter interviewed senior experts in the field of graphene at home and abroad, and conducted in-depth discussions on how to standardize the graphene industry standards and certification.
New products are blooming everywhere, big market chaos
By sampling some graphene products on the global market in the laboratory, Noshowov and Nito believe that the so-called graphene performance is very different, and most companies are producing non-graphene, but graphene. Microfilms, so they believe that there is almost no high quality graphene (single layer of carbon atoms) defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) on the market.
"At present, there are breakthroughs in the application of graphene in China, such as the graphene composite supercapacitor that has been put into production, the graphene heat-dissipating high-power LED super lamp, and the graphene smart heating apparel of the stunning Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. The new products of graphene can be described as blooming everywhere, but objectively speaking, there is a mixture of fish and dragons,†said Yin Lijun, deputy secretary general of the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance Standards Committee.
Yin Lijun introduced some chaos in graphene products on the market:
Trickery. When you open Taobao, there will be a lot of products related to graphene. If you know the details of the products, you will find that the materials used in the “Imported Graphene Fishbread†are actually high-carbon fibers, but the products that claim to be “graphene hot warm velvet warm pants†are not. Contains the whit graphene component.
True and false Li Wei is difficult to distinguish. Graphene electric heating equipment meets the needs of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coal-to-electric clean energy heating in technical application, but some manufacturers use carbon crystals and even electric resistance wires as heating materials, but claim to be graphene electric heating products, which are difficult for consumers to distinguish. true and false.
Unavailable features. Some graphene masks, product introduction, said that the sterilization and anti-mite is up to 99%, and other graphene socks products are said to be sterilizable and odor-free, but whether these functions play a direct role in adding graphene raw materials, there is no The test report of the tripartite body is explained and verified.
“As an emerging material, graphene has always been a concern, and it has repeatedly become a topic of speculation. At present, there are many researches on graphene, but most of them are still in the laboratory stage, and rarely applied to the industry to form a real product. The application of graphene can not be used only because it is a new material, but it should be verified that the function and performance of graphene material products are indeed better than existing materials, and the value of application is urgent. However, the relevant standards are urgently needed to guide production. In order to allow the industry to use graphene with confidence, therefore, the graphene industry needs to standardize the standard and pass the inspection and certification of the original source.†Director of the EU Graphene Flagship Planning Standards Committee, Norbert Law, Secretary General of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC/TC1133 Briss pointed out in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily.
Academic and scientific standards industry holds technical standards
“The first thing to be sure is that they have done a good job in Norshawv, which is conducive to regulating the healthy development of the global graphene market. However, not all graphene products on the market can be judged to determine the true and false. Good or bad," Fabrizios said.
Wang Qinsheng, deputy director of the National Graphene Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, told the reporter: "The center now has national-level testing qualifications and capabilities for graphene materials (powder, slurry, film, etc.), but in the graphene composites appearing on the market. Graphene is added as a small amount of 'industrial MSG' to some materials. The content is generally only a few percent, and some even lower. If the conventional detection method is used to search for and confirm the graphene content from the sample, the detection is more difficult. In addition, it is not entirely reasonable if it is only determined according to the ISO standard definition (ISO/TS 80004-13). Currently, there is a certain gap between the industrially produced graphene products and the 'ideal' graphene products. There is a process in the advancement of technology, which should be understood and tolerated in order to better promote the healthy development of the graphene industry."
Feng Guanping, consultant of the Expert Committee of the International Graphene Innovation Center, said: "For the market demand, the number of layers of graphene in the product is determined according to the performance requirements of the product. There are many uses of graphene, and some products do not need graphene layers. Many can achieve application results, so not all applications must be implemented with 'perfect' graphene in academic research."
The reporter learned that there are two authoritative institutions in the world that have developed relevant standards for graphene. One institution is the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) of the United Kingdom. Last year, the laboratory defined graphene and related forms for describing different forms. The terminology of 2D materials; another institution is the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance (CGIA).
"Unlike the former, CGIA takes into account the views of academia and industry in the classification of graphene: introducing multiple levels of graphene concepts into the standard, defining a single layer of carbon atoms as a structure with this structure The material can be called a single-layer graphene material, and the ten layers (including ten layers) are collectively referred to as graphene materials. In addition, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and various functionalized graphenes are returned. It is similar to the graphene material system." Yin Lijun said.
Dr. Li Yichun, member of the National New Materials Industry Development Expert Advisory Committee and Secretary General of China's Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance, said that there are academic standards for scientific terminology, and there must be standards in the industry that meet actual development standards. At present, China's graphene industrialization development is in the forefront of the world. From the perspective of enterprises, groups and industries, it has accumulated rich experience in graphene standard formulation, and has cooperated with relevant EU institutions to test related products according to international requirements.
Testing and judging requires an innovative certification system to be improved
Not long ago, the International Graphene Product Certification Center issued certificates for three Chinese companies at the 2018 China International Graphene Innovation Conference. The certifications were mainly for industrial and midstream products such as graphene powder and graphene. Heating film. Some experts pointed out that the current industrialization of graphene is still in the initial stage, and some applications are not enough to reflect the multiple "ideal" performance of graphene. Many researchers in the world are exploring the application of "killer level", and the future is testing and There are too many challenges to be faced in the certification process, and it is necessary to continuously innovate in terms of methods and methods.
"If the test is not judged at the moment, you can take the method of traceability to the source, take samples at the site, check where the graphene raw materials are supplied, whether it meets the industry standards, and then track the quality on the process chain." Li Yichun suggested.
Wang Qinsheng said: "The current test can determine whether the product contains graphene, but the lack of a link between product function and the addition of graphene should be tested by relevant industries. The best way to integrate the future is to integrate multiple functions. Industry departments jointly test."
“From an industrial point of view, certification is higher than testing.†Fabri Sis believes that by examining the entire production process of the company, the stability of the product performance, sustainability, etc., the graphene products are certified to allow downstream customers. The purchase is based on evidence, ensuring that the purchased product batch is stable and the quality is qualified. Not only that, but in the future, graphene product certification needs to be clarified according to product features. â€
Yin Lijun said that in fact, "there is no best graphene, only the most suitable graphene" has long been the consensus of everyone. The development of testing standards does have certain difficulties, but by establishing a sound standard system, it is possible to solve this problem, that is, "the terminology standards are inclusive, the method standards are uniform and rigorous, and the product standards are benchmarked."
The reporter learned that China has not yet promulgated relevant standards such as graphene material terminology and definition code. The industry's judgment on the quality of graphene products is mainly based on the standards set by leading enterprises, groups or industries. Wang Qinsheng suggested that these issues need to be managed at the national level. It is necessary for agencies with no relevant interests to take the lead in formulating and implementing the implementation of graphene standards to avoid making the standards worse.
Komatsu Drive Parts,Komatsu Final Drive Parts,Komatsu Final Drive Assembly,Excavator Final Drive Parts
JINING SHANTE SONGZHENG CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CO.LTD , https://www.sdkomatsugenuineparts.com