Yu Guang: Museum of Lead Smelting Technology in China

According to statistics from the Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Association, in 2010, China’s lead production was 4.19.94 million tons, accounting for 44.66% of the world’s total. It ranked first in the world for 18 years in a row. Lead consumption was about 3.95 million tons, accounting for 44% of the world’s total consumption. , ranking first in the world for 10 consecutive years.

Lead is widely used in various industries, of which more than 80% are used to make batteries. The first batch of technical experts in China's battery industry and Professor Wang Lijun from Zhengzhou Institute of Light Industry recently visited Henan Yuguang Gold & Lead Group Co., Ltd. They pointed out that lead-acid batteries have survived for 150 years and have been listed on the market for new batteries such as lithium-ion batteries. In China, it can still firmly occupy more than half of the market share; China's electric bicycles have an annual output of more than 20 million vehicles, with more than 100 million vehicles in possession, and the vast majority are equipped with lead-acid batteries; various diesel locomotives around the world, each one Both use a lead-acid battery.

Lead has a very important role in the development of the national economy. Although many lead smelting enterprises in China have experienced various difficulties, they have made outstanding contributions to national economic development and social development. In the 1950s, the lead smelting enterprises represented by Yuguang were just as difficult to start as the Republic; after entering the new century, it ushered in the heyday of development and developed into a first-class enterprise with strong competitiveness in the international lead and zinc industry. Among them, Yuguang has developed into the largest lead smelting company in Asia. The development history of Yuguang is equivalent to the development history of a Chinese lead smelting company. It can even be said that Yuguang is the museum of lead smelting technology in China.

Non-steady-state SO2 conversion technology has broken through the development bottleneck of the lead smelting industry. Fifty-four years ago, when Yuguang was built, he used the most primitive method of earth-smelting to lead. From 1987 to 1991, the first-phase and second-phase expansion projects were completed successively, and the company’s lead production capacity was increased to 15,000 tons. At this time, Yuguang’s leading group realized that simply expanding production scale would cause environmental pollution; companies that want to achieve significant growth must undergo technological transformation.

In October 1993, Yuguang invested 148 million yuan in the phase III expansion project of the gold, silver and lead. In 1996, the third phase of the expansion of sintering machine system, lead melting blast furnace has been ignited. In 1997, the flue gas acidification project was successfully tested. In the third phase of technological transformation project, Yuguang was the first company in the same industry in the country to apply non-steady-state oxidation* conversion technology to recycle low-concentration dioxide*, breaking the bottleneck restricting the development of lead smelting enterprises and becoming the development of domestic lead smelting industry. A milestone in history. Since then, the domestic same industry has used this technology to create a new situation for lead smelting companies to comprehensively return to production and production.

The non-steady state oxidation* conversion technology won the second prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Education.

Oxygen-enriched bottom blowing oxidation blast furnace reduction lead smelting technology represents the development direction of China's lead smelting technology. In early 1999, Yuguang took the lead in applying oxygen-enriched bottom blowing oxidation blast furnaces to reduce lead generation. In this regard, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the National Development Bank, the Nonferrous Metals Industry Bureau, the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, and the Henan Provincial Economic and Trade Commission all expressed strong support. In May 2002, Yuguang's first oxygen bottom furnace system was completed and put into operation. In December 2002, 7 experts led by Zhang Guo, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, visited Jiyuan, and they all agreed that the project has reasonable process and assembly, reliable performance, high operating rate, and obvious environmental protection effect. The technical level has reached the leading domestic and international advanced level. Lead smelting technology reform plays a good demonstration role and represents the development direction of China's lead smelting technology.

It is understood that up to now, 16 lead smelting plants in China have used oxygen-blown smelting technology for industrial production and 15 are under construction. In 2009, the process began to move toward the world. India chose this technology and will soon start production. Australia has also shipped materials for industrialization experiments and is preparing to introduce the technology to renovate the Pi Li Hong Kong lead plant.

The oxygen bottom blowing technology can be used not only for the smelting of lead, but also for the smelting of precious metals such as copper smelting and gold and silver. At present, there are three domestically produced copper pipes in operation in the country, and four are being designed. Yuguang's gold and silver smelting also uses oxygen bottom blowing technology. Yuguang technicians also found in practice that the process material has wide applicability and is particularly suitable for the treatment of recycled lead materials. Therefore, the successful application of this technology also put Yuguang on the development track of circular economy. Yuguang uses this technology and the integrated pretreatment technology of imported and used batteries CX imported from Italy. It has built two pretreatment production lines for spent lead-acid batteries and recycles 360,000 tons of used lead-acid batteries annually. It has become the largest waste battery processing capacity in the world. The company was listed as the first circular economy pilot unit by the state.

The overall technology of direct reduction of liquid lead slag has reached the international advanced level. In 2003, Yuguang scientists started the experiment of “direct new process for the reduction of liquid lead slag”. After more than five years of trials, Yuguang's innovative achievements in the "direct process for the direct reduction of liquid lead slag" have won the invention patent.

On July 1, 2008, Yuguang launched a 80,000-ton melt bath smelting process for direct lead smelting and environmental protection. The project adopted a new lead smelting process called “direct reduction of liquid lead slag”. On April 8, 2010, the 80,000-ton molten smelting furnace for direct lead smelting was successfully put into operation. On the morning of April 12, the lead outlet of the oxidation furnace is connected with the slag inlet of the reduction furnace. In the afternoon of the same day, lead was reduced from the reduction furnace. At 0:00 on the morning of the 13th, the slag from the reduction furnace marked the first direct lead-smelting production line in the country.

On October 15, 2010, the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association organized Yuguang's “Research on the Direct Reduction Technology of Liquid High Lead Slag and Its Industrial Application”. The expert from the Nonferrous Metals Industry Association of China, Professor Senior Engineer Neway Jianwei, Academician Zhang Guocheng of the Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute and Professor Jiang Jimu of the Enfi Engineering Co., Ltd. as the deputy director of the appraisal committee agreed that the Yuguang Liquid The total technology of the new lead slag direct reduction technology has reached the international advanced level. This achievement was listed as one of the ten low-carbon process technologies that the industry promoted in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

The core index of the new process of direct lead reduction slag of Yuguang liquid lead slag is about 40% lower than that of the domestic “rice rich bottom blowing smelting blast furnace smelting lead reduction process”; the energy consumption of high lead slag direct reduction furnace It is only 60% of the energy consumed in traditional blast furnaces. The dust concentration in the workshop is several hundred times lower, and the reduction of SO290% and CO270% is achieved. With the promotion of this technology, China's lead smelting industry will surely set off an energy-saving storm, which is of great significance to the transformation and upgrading of the Chinese lead industry during the “12th Five-Year Plan” period.

Not long ago, Lu Zhifang, chairman of Enfi Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., visited Yuguang and said that “the direct reduction technology of liquid lead slag” is a ** lead smelting technology.

The scientific and technological achievements recently won the first prize of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Science and Technology Award.

Yu Guang’s chairman Yang Anguo said: “From advanced methods such as the conversion of lead from the local method to the direct reduction of liquid high lead slag, Yuguang has become the museum of lead smelting technology in China; the era is changing, technology is improving, and Yuguang has gone from the past to the atmosphere. The current clear water and blue sky interprets technological innovation as the eternal theme of corporate development and the social responsibility and historical mission that an entrepreneur should shoulder.”

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