With the development of the stone conservation engineering practice, the maintenance technology has been greatly enriched. Conservation theories are also emerging. Various theories are based on the analysis and answers to various problems and phenomena in conservation practice. They have their rationality and applicability, as well as their one-sidedness and constraints. In the recent practice of stone conservation, some new problems have emerged and some new ideas have been formed. They are summarized as follows.
First, the stone protection should be adapted to the conditions of the material, due to the construction of the material in the engineering practice will find protective agent for some varieties of stone protective effect is poor. Excluding improper construction and product failure, the most likely reason is that the right stone chemicals have not been used for protection. For example, granite and marble have different formulations of protective agents because of their different mineral compositions and chemical compositions. Even if the same kind of stone, it will increase or decrease the concentration of silicone resin because of different density and chemical composition. For example, the concentration of silicone resin in the sandstone protective agent will be higher, and the concentration of silicone resin in the granite or marble protective agent with higher hardness and density will be lower. Therefore, in the construction of stone conservation must be due to material conditions, due to material construction. Different chemicals and different construction processes are selected for different stone materials. This also explains the necessity of establishing a stone conservation database. It is like compiling a stone conservation dictionary or encyclopedia. Consultation before selecting the proper chemicals and methods for construction before taking care of the application can not only make a significant effect, but also save production costs.
Second, not all natural stone needs protection If it is only waterproof and alkali-proof, some high hardness and high density stone can not be protected in dry hanging construction. This also applies to some coarse-grained granites. For example, in the igneous rocks, the coarse-grained magmatic rocks obtained by slow cooling, large quantities of quartz are very large, and these very dense quartz surface water and other contaminants cannot penetrate. This theory has been confirmed and approved by Maurizi0, conservation expert of the American International Stone Association. Which stones need to be protected? Which stones do not need to be tested? The test method is to drip water on the marble polishing surface or dripping vinegar on the granite polishing surface. If no spots or residual vinegar spots are wiped off after 5 minutes, the marble or granite of the variety may not be Do protection. This is basically the case with the "Hua An Yu" marble produced in Fujian.
Third, the natural stone floor pavement without the need to use smooth stone, using wool surface leveling renovation, and then artificial maintenance Now the floor pavement is selected smooth stone pavement, and then also leveling renovation, equal to repeat The polishing process is costly. The correct method is to select the glossy stone effect, buy the rough surface specification board, and then carry out the pavement, leveling, renovation and maintenance. This can greatly reduce costs. This method has long been used in engineering practice in foreign countries and has not yet been applied in the country. It is mainly due to the discordance between stone consumers and construction companies, which is inconsistent in concept. The high cost is entirely borne by the consumer.
Although there are many advantages, this method is generally only suitable for granite-like stone with small color difference and no texture. For many marbles with texture, because there is a problem of typesetting, it should be done by traditional methods. , and then proceed to construction.
The interior decoration stone is not affected by sunlight, wind, acid rain, frost and snow frost, so the protective effect lasts longer. The impact on the service life of protective chemicals is relatively small. From the point of view of reducing the pollution of interior decoration and reducing the version of Chen, it is possible to use an inexpensive water-based protective agent. However, solvent-based protective agents are recommended for more destructive environments such as kitchens and baths.
Fourth, rust and vomiting yellow to distinguish, can not be simple to use rust removal agent treatment Many times the stone appears to be mistaken for macular rust. Rusty iron can be removed with rust remover. There are two common causes of macula, which are easily confused with rust. One is that when the stone is wetted and filled with stone, the organic additives in the cement permeate the surface through the capillary pores on the bottom. Under water and oxygen conditions, the double bonds of organic components break and the color turns yellow. This situation is more common in wet plastering and filling of white cast stone. In another case, in the beige marble, because the alkali spot floods the surface to absorb crystalline water, a gel layer is formed. After changing the light refraction, the color of the alkali spot becomes darker, and it seems to be “more yellowâ€. In fact, it is crystal water-containing. The gel layer is in trouble. Therefore, these causes of macular can not be solved simply using rust remover. If you want to prescribe the right medicine, it is very likely that the worse the treatment will be.
Fifth, do not blindly believe in imported stone care products, nor do they prejudice domestically produced maintenance products. Currently, the maintenance products of foreign brands are generally considered to be high quality symbols. But its high price affects the promotion of foreign brands. The maintenance products of domestic brands are generally not favored, but because of their cheap prices, they also occupy a certain market share.
In fact, these prejudices come from the lack of understanding of stone conservation knowledge. All protective agents, whether imported or domestic, are composed of active ingredients plus diluents and additives. There is no difference between imported and domestic ones. In recent years, the development and application of stone protective agent products in the country has developed rapidly, and it has approached foreign advanced level in the fields of silicone monomer manufacturing and resin synthesis. In terms of compounding technology, it is equivalent to that of foreign countries. In the field of construction applications is even more ahead of foreign countries.
Cases of engineering practice show that if improper protection products from abroad are selected, it will cause maintenance failure and cause losses to owners. For example, there are three foreign brands of protective agents that appear dark when applied to high-density, high-hardness granites. If applied to the smooth surface there will be obvious surface residue. If the use of high-strength, high-permeability organosilicon fluorosilicone protective agent is selected, the above problems will not occur. The cause of surface residue, white spots, or darkening of color is mostly due to improper use of protective agents.
The correct view is that the stone protection agent should not be used as a standard for judging whether the quality is good or bad. Instead, you should see if you have chosen the right product for the right engineering practice. Some projects have used some protective agents that work well. They may just be domestic brands and they are cheap. This explains the right choice. Some projects selected some protective products with poor results and high prices, which may happen to be foreign brands. This can only indicate that the choice of protective product is suitable or inappropriate.
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