1.5 Plasma nitrogen water eddy current cutting method
Plasma nitrogen water vortex cutting uses nitrogen as a working gas and is mainly used to cut stainless steel and aluminum. The working gas forms a vortex flow through the vortex ring, so that the plasma flow is also vortexed toward the workpiece, so that a cutting edge with a very small bevel angle can be obtained. Around the working gas, it is a treated high-pressure water flow, which greatly increases the energy density of the arc, and forms a plasma arc with extremely high temperature, good stiffness and high flow velocity. In addition, part of the water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen, which also promotes the cutting process.
Compared with other plasma cutting methods, plasma nitrogen water eddy current cutting has the following characteristics:
(1) Cutting speed is fast;
(2) Good cutting quality. The slit width is small, the cutting surface is smooth, the oblique angle is very small, and the lower edge of the slit is not sticky. (3) The cutting deformation is small and the precision is high;
(4) Long nozzle life;
(5) Suitable for underwater processing, basic smokeless dust and arc light, low noise.
The relationship between the common plate thickness and the cutting speed under different current intensities is shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
2 Plasma cutting method for cutting different materials
As can be seen from the above, a variety of plasma cutting methods are available for different cutting materials and cutting requirements. The following are common plasma cutting methods for cutting stainless steel, aluminum and carbon steel from the aspects of cutting speed, cutting quality, cutting deformation, pre-weld treatment, operating cost, etc. In the specific operation, the appropriate cutting method can be selected according to different cutting requirements. .
2.1 Stainless steel (see Table 1)
Table 1 Comparison of three plasma cutting methods for cutting stainless steel materials
| Cutting method | Cutting speed | Cutting quality | Cutting deformation | Pre-weld treatment | Operating cost |
| Plasma argon-hydrogen | Slower | better | Smaller | No need | Higher |
| Plasma nitrogen | Faster | difference | general | need | Lower |
| Plasma nitrogen water vortex | medium | it is good | Very small | Generally not required | medium |
The cutting speeds of several common stainless steel cutting methods are shown in Figure 9.
2.2 Aluminum (see Table 2)
Table 2 Comparison of three plasma cutting methods for cutting aluminum materials
| Cutting method | Cutting speed | Cutting quality | Cutting deformation | Pre-weld treatment | Operating cost |
| Plasma argon-hydrogen | Slower | it is good | Smaller | No need | Higher |
| Plasma oxygen | Faster | Poor | general | need | medium |
| Plasma nitrogen water vortex | medium | better | Very small | Generally not required | Lower |
The cutting speed of several common aluminum material cutting methods is shown in Figure 10.
2.3 Carbon steel (see Table 3)
Table 3 Comparison of two plasma cutting methods for cutting carbon steel materials,
| Cutting method | Cutting speed | Cutting quality | Cutting deformation | Pre-weld treatment | Operating cost |
| Plasma air | Faster | better | Smaller | need | low |
| Plasma oxygen | fast | it is good | small | No need | high |
The cutting speed of several common carbon steel material cutting methods is shown in Figure 11.
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