Fire protection design requirements for public entertainment places

According to the "Fire Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations on the Administration of Fire Safety in Public Places of Entertainment" of the Ministry of Public Security, fire protection design (including fire prevention zoning, safe evacuation, and smoke prevention) shall be provided for any newly-built, rebuilt, expanded, or altered public entertainment establishments with interior decoration. Exhaust smoke, fire water supply, decoration materials, automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatic fire alarm systems, etc. must comply with the relevant national fire protection technical specifications. The construction unit shall send the fire protection design and decoration drawings to the local public security fire control agency for review, and shall only conduct construction after the approval of the approval; before applying or opening the business, it shall apply to the local public security fire control agency, and can only be used or opened after passing the fire safety inspection. .

Fire protection settings in public entertainment places

(I) Location, fire separation, fire resistance

Public entertainment venues must not be set up in ancient buildings, museums, or library buildings, and must not be adjacent to important warehouses or dangerous goods warehouses. It is not allowed to rebuild public entertainment places in residential buildings. No fuel or gas-fired boiler room or oil-immersed power transformer room can be installed above, below or adjacent to public entertainment places.

When the public entertainment establishment is under construction, it shall maintain a certain fire separation distance with other buildings. Generally, there shall be a fire separation distance of not less than 50 m between the production facility and the warehouse of Class A and B. The building itself should not be below the secondary fire rating.

(b) fire separation

In the design of buildings, necessary fire protection measures should be taken into account: Between the stage and the auditorium of theaters and other buildings, a non-flammable wall with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 3.5h should be used , and the gap between the upper part of the stage port and the audience hall should be separated. For walls, non-flammable bodies with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 1.5h shall be used. Grade B fire doors shall be used for doors on partition walls; and non-combustible partitions with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 1h shall be used for film screening rooms (including rolling chambers) and others. Partially separated, the observation hole and the screening hole shall be provided with a fire stop gate; between the auxiliary room and the stage behind the theater, it shall be separated by a non-combustible wall with a fire-resistant limit of not less than 1.5 hours ; the lighting operation room under the stage and the flammable In the storage room, the incombustible wall with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 1 hour is separated from other parts.

Theatres with more than 1,500 seats, halls with auditoriums with more than 2,000 seats, auditorium stage openings, and side and back doors and windows that connect with the stage should be separated by water curtains. For the more than 1,500 -seat theatre and the lower part of the grape trellis on the auditorium stage with more than 2,000 seats, as well as studios with more than 400 square meters of floor space and film studios with more than 500 square meters of floor space, rain sprinkling equipment should be installed.

Where public entertainment places are adjacent to other buildings or attached to other buildings, they shall be set up in accordance with separate fire prevention zones. The public entertainment places in commercial and residential buildings and the safe exit of residential houses should be set separately.

(3) The interior decoration design and construction of a public entertainment venue must meet the requirements of the "Code for the Fire Protection of Interior Decoration Design of Buildings".

(4) In addition to meeting the requirements of the relevant fire protection technical specifications, public entertainment establishments in underground buildings shall also comply with the following provisions:

1 , only allowed on the ground floor;

2. The number of safety exits to the ground shall not be less than 2 , and the width of each staircase shall comply with the provisions of the relevant building design fire protection code;

3. Mechanical smoke prevention and smoke exhaust facilities should be set up;

4. Fire alarm system and automatic sprinkler system should be set up;

5. Liquefied petroleum gas is strictly prohibited.

Safe Evacuation of Public Entertainment Places

(I) Requirements for evacuating exports and doors

1. The safe evacuation exits of public halls and dance halls in public entertainment venues should be reasonably set up according to the flow of people; the number should not be less than two, and the average number of evacuees per safe exit should not exceed 250 , when the capacity is more than 2,000 people The excess part of the calculation is based on the average number of evacuees per outlet not exceeding 400 persons.

2. Entrances to the entrance hall and the Taiping Gate of public entertainment venues should not be provided with thresholds, and their width should not be less than 1.4m . Steps should not be set within 1.4m of the entrance . At the same time, Taiping Gate is not allowed to use rolling shutters, turnstiles, hanging doors and side-pulling doors. It should be a push-latch-type exterior door. Doors, screens, and other coverings that affect evacuation shall not be installed at the entrance. When public entertainment establishments are in operation, they must ensure that safety exits and walkways are unimpeded, and it is forbidden to lock or block safety exits.

3. To ensure safe evacuation, the width of outdoor evacuation alleys in public entertainment places should not be less than 3m . In order to ensure the need for fire extinguishing, circular fire- fighting lanes should be set up around buildings with more than 2,000 seats such as the auditorium.

(b) Arrangement of evacuation walkways

When arranging the evacuation aisles in the audience hall of a public entertainment venue, the number of rows of seats between the crosswalks should not exceed 20 rows. The number of seats between the longitudinal walkways does not exceed 22 in each row . When the current back seat distance is not less than 90cm , it can be increased to 50 ; when only one side has a longitudinal walkway, the number of seats should be halved.

(c) Emergency lighting

1. In emergency exits and evacuation walkways, necessary emergency lighting and evacuation signs should be set up to facilitate the evacuation of light evacuation signs along the way. For emergency lighting for evacuation, the minimum illumination should not be less than 0.5LX . Lighting supply time must not be less than 20min .

2. The emergency lighting should be set on the wall or ceiling. The evacuation indicator should be set on the top of the Taiping Gate and the evacuation aisle and its corners on the wall less than 1m above the ground . The distance between the signs on the walkway should not be more than 20m . In order to facilitate management and protection, emergency lighting and evacuation signs, protective covers made of glass or other non-combustible materials should be used.

Fire-fighting facilities and equipment settings

Fires in public entertainment venues are spreading rapidly and difficult to fight. Therefore, fire-fighting equipment and fire-fighting facilities must be provided. According to the National Fire Protection Technical Regulations, indoor fire hydrants should be provided for theatres, cinemas, clubs and auditoriums with more than 1200 seats with more than 800 seats .

In order to ensure timely and effective fire control, the seats have more than 1,500 theaters and seats with more than 2,000 halls or auditoriums, their audience halls, upper stage (when metal components are used on the roof), dressing room, props room, storage room, VIP room, etc. Closed automatic sprinkler equipment should be provided.

The layout of indoor fire hydrants should generally be arranged in key locations such as the stage, auditorium, and movie screening room, and should be set in a conspicuous and accessible place. In addition, necessary fire extinguishers should be provided for the key parts of the projection room (including the film room), the power distribution room, the storage room, the stage, and the sound operation room.

For public entertainment establishments located in a comprehensive building, the fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting equipment shall be equipped with fire safety requirements of the national fire protection technical specifications for comprehensive buildings.

Public Entertainment Facilities Fire Safety Management

1. A public entertainment venue shall determine one of its legal representative or principal responsible person for fire safety responsibility of the unit and be responsible for its own fire safety work. And to the local public security fire agency for the record.

2. After the owner of the property in a public entertainment place has engaged in leasing or contracting with other units or individuals, the fire safety of the public entertainment place is the responsibility of the operator.

3. When public entertainment establishments are in operation, they must ensure that the safety exits and evacuation routes are unimpeded, and it is forbidden to lock or block the safety exits.

4. Public entertainment places must not exceed the rated number of people during business hours.

5 , public entertainment venues must strengthen the electrical fire safety management, eliminate fire hazards in a timely manner, shall not be overloaded with electricity, shall not arbitrarily pull temporary wires.

6. It is forbidden to carry out equipment maintenance, electrical welding, painting and other construction and maintenance operations when operating in public entertainment places.

7. It is forbidden to bring in and store flammable and explosive materials in public entertainment places.

8. Public entertainment venues shall be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with the "Regulations for the Design of Extinguisher Configurations for Buildings", set up an alarm call, and perform regular maintenance to ensure that the fire-fighting facilities and equipment are intact and effective.

9. Public entertainment establishments shall establish a system for the management of fire and electricity use and formulate an emergency evacuation plan. During the business period and after the completion of business, special personnel should be designated to conduct safety inspections. Pay special attention to whether or not cigarettes and other fires are left behind. After confirming safety, turn off the power.

10 , public entertainment venues should establish a fire safety responsibility system for all staff, all staff should be familiar with the necessary knowledge of fire safety, will report to the fire, will use fire fighting equipment, will organize the evacuation. Before the new employees can take up posts, fire safety training must be conducted.

11, Kara OK hall and room package, should set alarm sound or images, to ensure that the fire occurred in the early days, each Kara OK room images, sound elimination, broadcast fire alarms, safe evacuation guide.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.