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Imported bearings are selected and used
Source: Bearing network time: 2017-10-09
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.1) Grasp the operating conditions of mechanical equipment and bearings, etc. 2) Clear bearing requirements. 3) Type of selected bearings. 4) Selected bearing equipment. 5) Selected bearing dimensions. 6) Selected bearing specifications .7) Equipment method for selected bearings The operating conditions and environmental conditions of the bearing are correctly grasped. The bearing parts of the mechanical equipment and the operating conditions and environmental conditions are the conditions for selecting the suitable bearing. For this, the following data are obtained. material:
.1) Function and layout of mechanical equipment. 2) Operating position of bearing. 3) Bearing load (large size, direction)
.4) Rotation speed. 5) Oscillation, impact. 6) Bearing temperature (ambient temperature, temperature rise)
.7) Ambient atmosphere (corrosiveness; hygienic; smoothness) The selection of bearing equipment is usually; the shaft is supported by two bearings in the radial direction and the axial direction; at this moment; the bearing on one side is called the fixed side bearing It accepts both radial and axial loads; the effect of the relative axial displacement between the fixed shaft and the bearing housing. The other side is referred to as the free side; only the radial load is accepted; the axial direction can be relatively moved; In this way, the elastic part of the shaft which is attacked due to the temperature change and the spacing error of the equipment bearing are treated. With regard to the fixed side bearing; it is necessary to select an available rolling surface to move in the axial direction (such as a cylindrical roller bearing) or to move the surface of the device (such as Bearings for heart-bearing bearings. On relatively short shafts; there are no other conditions on the fixed side and the free side; bearings with only one-way fixed axial movement (such as radial thrust ball bearings). Selection of bearing types Bearing type; all the conditions of the bearing are critical. The following table lists the primary analysis items: Analyze the project selection method 1) The bearing equipment space can be accommodated in the bearing equipment space because of the description When focusing on the rigidity and strength shafting shaft; thus usually first determine the shaft diameter; that is, but bearing diameter rolling bearing series has a variety of scales and types;. Should pick the most appropriate bearing type.
2) The size, direction and nature of the load bearing load [bearing load can be indicated by the fundamental additional load; its value is shown in the bearing scale table] Bearing load is richly changed; such as the size of the load, whether it can be radial load, axial The load is one-way or two-way, the degree of oscillation or impact, etc. After thinking about these elements; then pick the most suitable bearing type. Generally speaking, the radial load of bearings of the same inner diameter can be added in the following order: Deep groove ball bearing <Angle touch ball bearing <Cylindrical roller bearing <Tapered roller bearing <Spherical roller bearing 3) The speed can be used to the bearing type of mechanical speed [the limit value of the bearing speed is indicated by the limit speed; its numerical value In the bearing scale table] the limit speed of the bearing is not only taken from the bearing type but also limited to the bearing scale, the bracket type, the accuracy grade, the load condition and the smooth method; therefore, it is necessary to consider these elements when selecting. The following bearings are mostly used for high-speed rotation. : Deep groove ball bearings, angular touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings 4) Rotational accuracy Bearing type with required rotation accuracy [bearing Scale accuracy and rotation accuracy have been standardized by GB according to bearing type] Machine tool spindles, gas turbines and control machines are required to have high rotation accuracy, high speed and low conflict; in this case, bearings with a precision of 5 or more should be used. The following bearings are usually used: Deep groove ball bearings, touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings 5) Bearing type that is just as satisfactory as the mechanical shafting required [bearing when the bearing is under load; some of the touch of the rolling body and the raceway will be elastically deformed. "High rigidity" It means that the deformation of this elastic deformation is small] in the machine tool spindle and the final stage of the vehicle, etc.; in the rigidity of the progressive shaft; it is also necessary to improve the rigidity of the bearing. The roller bearing receives the deformation of the load. The bearing is small. Preloading (negative clearance) on the bearing can improve the rigidity. This method is suitable for angular touch ball bearings and tapered roller bearings.
6) The relative skew analysis of the inner ring and the outer ring causes the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing to be relatively skewed (such as the deflection of the shaft caused by the load, the accuracy of the shaft and the outer casing or the equipment error); The type of bearing to which the condition is applied. If the relative skew of the inner and outer rings is too large; the bearing will be damaged by the internal load. Therefore, the type of bearing that can accept this skew should be selected. Generally speaking, the skew angle (or alignment) is allowed. The angle is added in the following order: cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearing, deep groove ball bearing (angular touch ball bearing), spherical roller (ball) bearing 7) equipment and disassembly opening timing and other loading and unloading frequency Cylindrical roller bearing with inner ring and outer ring can be separated; needle roller bearing and tapered roller bearing are convenient. Conical hole self-aligning ball bearing and tapered hole spherical roller bearing pass through Fasteners or withdrawal sleeves are easy to assemble and disassemble.
The type of machine selected for the bearing layout is different; the operating conditions of the bearing will be different; the functional requirements are not the same; but in general; the bearing used on one shaft is not less than two. And; Axial positioning; most of the bearings are used as fixed end bearings; others are used as free end bearings. The following table lists the selection of fixed and free end bearing arrangements. The applicable bearing type fixed end bearings are used to make The axial positioning and fixing of the bearing are selected to accept the radial and axial load of the bearing to accept the two-way axial load; the equipment also needs to consider the corresponding strength according to the axial load.
Deep groove ball bearing combination angular touch ball bearing double row angular touch ball bearing self-aligning ball bearing with rib cylindrical roller bearing (NUP type, NH type) Double row roller bearing spherical roller bearing free end bearing for avoiding cause The elasticity of the shaft caused by the change of temperature during operation; and the axial orientation of the bearing for adjusting the bearing. It is preferable to use a bearing that only accepts the radial load and the inner ring and the outer ring can be separated. When the non-detached bearing is used; the outer ring and the outer casing Interval cooperation is usually used; in order to avoid axial retraction together with the bearing when the shaft is elastic, it is used to avoid the elasticity of the shaft caused by the temperature change during operation; and to adjust the axial orientation of the bearing. It is preferable to accept only the radial load. And the inner ring and the outer ring can be separated from the bearing. When the non-detached bearing is used; the gap between the outer ring and the outer casing is usually selected for cooperation; so that the shaft can be elastically escaping together with the bearing when the shaft is elastic. The bearing is not divided between the fixed end and the free end. When the interval is small and the influence of the shaft elasticity is not large; the front or back equipments of the two angular touch ball bearings or tapered roller bearings that can accept the axial load are used. The axial clearance after adjusting the equipment with a nut or a gasket. deep Ball Bearing Angle Touch Ball Bearing Self-aligning Ball Bearing Cylindrical Roller Bearing (NJ Type, NF Type) Tapered Roller Bearing Spherical Roller Bearing For the vertical shaft, the fixed end is a bearing that can accept both radial and axial loads. When the axial load of the axial load is large; the thrust bearing and the radial bearing are used together. The same free end is used to select the bearing that can only accept the radial load; to avoid the elasticity of the shaft. The fixed end combined angular touch ball bearing (reverse combination) Double row tapered roller bearings (37000 type) Thrust bearings and radial bearings are used for fine mechanical parts; do not open the package before the equipment; avoid rust. For now greased bearings and double side Oil seal or dust cover; seal bearing can be directly equipped; no need to remove. * Method of bearing equipment process; it is necessary to grasp a criterion; that is, only through the corresponding ferrule to transfer equipment force or torque. Press into the cooperation bearing inner ring Cooperate with the shaft; when the outer ring and the bearing housing hole are loosely engaged; the bearing can be press-fitted on the shaft first; then the shaft is loaded into the bearing housing hole together with the bearing; On the end face of the inner ring of the bearing; pad is a device sleeve made of soft metal material (copper or mild steel). The outer ring of the bearing is tightly engaged with the hole of the bearing seat; when the inner ring and the shaft are loosely cooperative; the bearing can be pressed into the bearing first Inside the seat hole; at this time, the outer diameter of the casing of the equipment should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the seat hole. If the bearing ring is tightly coupled with the shaft and the seat hole; the inner ring and the outer ring of the equipment must be pressed together into the shaft and the seat hole; The layout of the equipment casing should be able to hold the end faces of the inner and outer rings of the bearing together. The heating cooperation passes through the heating bearing or the bearing seat; the thermal expansion will transform the tight cooperation into the loose cooperation equipment method. It is a common and labor-saving equipment method. This method is suitable for the equipment with large interference bearing; before the hot loading, the bearing or the ferrule of the separate bearing can be evenly heated in the fuel tank by 80-100 ° C; then it is taken out from the oil and quickly loaded onto the shaft; In order to avoid the inner ring end face and the shoulder joint not tight after cooling; the bearing can be axially tightened after cooling. When the bearing outer ring is tightly combined with the light metal bearing seat; the heating method of the heating bearing seat is selected; The cooperation surface was scratched. When heating the bearing with the fuel tank There should be a grid at a certain distance from the bottom of the box; the bearing should be hung with a hook; the bearing should not be placed on the bottom of the box; to prevent sinking impurities from entering the bearing or uneven heating; a thermometer is necessary in the fuel tank; Beyond 100 ° C; to avoid the tempering effect; reduce the hardness of the ferrule. The thrust bearing's equipment thrust bearing's cooperation with the shaft is usually a transitional cooperation; the cooperation between the seat and the bearing housing hole is usually the gap cooperation; The bearing of the two-way thrust bearing should be fixed on the shaft; to avoid the equipment method related to the shaft transformation. The bearing is usually in the condition of shaft rotation; therefore, the cooperation between the inner ring and the shaft is Win cooperation; the cooperation between the bearing outer ring and the bearing chamber is for the cooperation of the gap. * Bearing work should be checked after checking the bearing equipment; the bearing equipment should be in place; the rotation is sensitive; there is no stuck image; if the bearing equipment is not proper; The temperature rises agilely and is damaged; even the bearing crashes and cracks and other major accidents. The use and storage of the bearing (1) when the bearing is used; adhere to the surrounding environment Clean; do not stick to sweat and dirt. The rules are used by the personnel who understand the bearing; the unique requirements are careful injury, indentation, damage, etc. To ensure the function of the bearing; the operation specifications of the equipment should be established; the bearing should be protected at regular intervals. , protection and maintenance; content includes monitoring of operating conditions, make up for smoothing agents, time to open and view. (2) bearings should not be stored directly on the ground (need to be more than 30cm above the ground); avoid direct light and cold walls. To avoid rust Store in an environment with a temperature of about 20 ° C and a humidity of 65% or less; the bearing is placed in acid air; it is simple to rust and discolor; the rubber, the cotton wool is used to scrub the bearing, the shaft, the outer casing; the waste enters the bearing and cooperates somewhat. Is the cause of abnormal seizures; therefore demand attention. Stainless steel electrode
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