The summer management of fruit trees is an important part of the management of fruit trees in one year, which has a great impact on the yield of fruit trees in the current year. To this end, the following technical points are proposed.
First, fruit management
1. Use hormones to preserve fruit. Xiehua 2/3 when the crown is sprayed with 10PPM "2.4-D" or 50PPM "nine two O" + 0.5% urea + 0.2-0.3% "potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixture to preserve the fruit, spray again every 15 days. Navel orange uses "fruit mostly" for 3 times to preserve fruit, or 12PPM "E T-2" or "Green Saite" to prevent navel, and "yellow ester" can also be used to coat fruit top.
2. Thin fruit bagging. Shatian pomelo and summer orange thin fruit and fruit in the middle and late June, and remove diseased fruit, deformed fruit, small fruit and dense fruit. The amount of fruit retained can be determined according to the ratio of leaf to fruit. 40-50 leaves of sweet orange citrus varieties leave one fruit, and 100-150 leaves of Shatian pomelo leave one fruit. On the basis of fruit thinning, spray insecticide and fungicide once: use “green crystal†1000 times liquid + 50% “carbendazim†600-800 times liquid or “Dasheng M-45†1000 times liquid. Pack the bag in time after the drug solution is dry.
Second, the application of stable fruit fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer
1. Stabilized fruit fertilizer. In the middle of May, when the trees are fertilized, the trees are weak and the amount of flowers is large. Especially the adult Shatian pomelo trees should be fertilized once by soil. The fertilization is mainly based on phosphorus and potassium, which reduces physiological fruit drop.
2. Strong fruit fertilizer. In the middle of July (the deciduous fruit trees are in the middle and the middle of May, and the Shatian pomelo is in the late June), the first strong fruit fertilizer is applied. Generally, each result tree is applied with 40-60 kg of animal manure, 0.3 kg of urea, 0.5 kg of superphosphate, 2-3 kg of plant ash (or 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate), and 100-200 kg of water. After the fall, apply the second strong fruit fertilizer to promote fruit enlargement. The fruit industry station recommended the application of “Kaifeng†fruit tree special compound fertilizer, which has significant effects on improving fruit quality and yield.
3. Irrigation. After entering the drought period in July, it will be necessary to irrigate the water for 7 days, and 100-200 kg/plant per irrigation to ensure the expansion of the fruit.
Third, seize the key period to prevent pests and diseases
1. Prevention and control of citrus red and yellow spiders: While controlling in the spring, continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of red and yellow spiders. On the basis of forecasting and forecasting, we should do a good job in effective prevention and control. The effective pharmaceuticals are: “Nisolang†and “ The use of "Green Crystal" bio-pesticides is particularly good for fruit saints, "brooming nets", "Golden tyrants", "absolute tyrants", etc.
2. Scale insects: The occurrence of scale insects is generally more serious. It is necessary to pay attention to observation and prevention. It is best to use 800-1000 times of liquid for the medicine, and spray again once every 7-10 days. pesticide. At the same time, it can treat both scorpions.
3. Tianniu: From mid-May to early June, artificially catching adult beetles, and starting to kill the cattle eggs and larvae in early June.
4. Rust wall è™±: From June to September, the control begins when there is copper rust on the leaves, once every 10 days, for 2-3 times. The medicine can be selected from 65% "Dyson Zinc" 800 times liquid or "fruit holy" 1000 times.
5. Leaf miner: The leaf miner is mainly harmful to young shoots, which occurs mostly in June-July. The combination of control and germination shoots shoots. When the buds grow to 2-3 mm, they are sprayed and controlled immediately, every 7 days. Continuous spraying 2 to 3 times, mainly using pyrethroid pesticides, "green crystal" biological pesticides are particularly effective.
6. Pear tiger, pear big, pear small heartworm, pear net spring, pear black heart disease, etc.: optional 90% "trichlorfon" 800-1000 times liquid + 65% "detox" (or "carbendazim" ) 600 times liquid control.
Fourth, do a good summer tree pruning
The summer pruning of fruit trees is divided into pruning before and after flowering. The pruning before the flowering period aims to adjust the amount of pruning and flowering, and the pruning in May-July to improve the light and promote the quality of autumn shoots. Purpose; summer trimming from August to October to promote flower bud differentiation.
Saplings are mainly shaped.
May-July citrus summer pruning main operations:
1. For the summer shoots, the result tree should be completely erased, and the young trees should be topped in time. Wiping the summer tip should be sooner rather than later, mainly based on the summer buds, and the saplings leave 2-3 leaves for the summer shoots.
In 2.7 months, the unreasonable branches and branches of the canopy were cut off to improve ventilation and light transmission. At the same time, combined with the thin section of the fruit thinning, the fruit branches and the thin fruit branches are scattered, which promotes the high-quality autumn shoots and lays a foundation for the next year's high yield.
3. Summer is the best time to make Shatian pomelo saplings, cutting tops (opening the skylight), shaping, to improve the canopy ventilation and light; at the same time, to prepare for the use of hormones to promote flowers at the end of August.
V. Other work
1. Orchard weeding. In order to prevent soil erosion, maintain soil fertility, promote grass-free no-tillage, retain low weeds to improve the ecological environment of the orchard, reduce soil temperature in summer, remove or squat on tall weeds, and improve the ventilation and light conditions of the orchard.
2. Do a good job of "high-replacement of old and inferior fruit trees" and high-altitude replacement of trees, such as germination, pruning, and topping.
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