(Source: materialstoday)
Promoting the use of electric vehicles can reduce carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. However, the range of electric vehicles is limited, and the cost is high, which makes many potential buyers prohibitive. Yang-Kook Sun of Hanyang University in South Korea said: "Improving lithium-ion batteries, providing higher energy and power density, and extending service life are a major requirement for the commercial success of electric vehicles."
According to foreign media reports, Sun and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Germany ’s Forichungszentrum Jülich (Forschungszentrum Jülich) researchers, jointly developed a new nickel-rich layered LiMO2 cathode, not only can provide high energy density , And can extend battery life. He pointed out: "The layered cathode has become the standard anode for EV lithium-ion batteries. Generally, there is a balance between its capacity (endurance range) and cycle stability (battery life)."
At present, in order to maintain stability, the nickel-rich lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) positive electrode used in electric vehicles can only partially discharge (about 60%) during the cycle, such as Tesla S / X / 3 and other models Battery positive. Not only does it reduce energy density, it also increases the burden on the battery and increases the total cost of electric vehicles. In a deeply charged state, micro-cracks may form, and if allowed to develop to the surface, the electrolyte will penetrate into it, causing unnecessary "parasitic" reactions, degrading the internal surface and eventually failing.
The researchers found that this problem can be solved by adjusting the microstructure of the positive electrode. Adding a small amount of boron to the nickel-rich NCA positive electrode can significantly change its microstructure, changing from spherical particles to elongated rod-like structures radiating outward from the center. During repeated charging, these crystals showed almost no micro-cracks, even if there was a little crack, they would not develop to the surface. The results show that after 1000 cycles, the boron-doped positive electrode retains more than 80% of the initial capacity, compared with only 49% of the initial capacity of the unboron-doped NCA.
Sun pointed out: "People have used many methods to overcome the shortcomings of nickel-rich layered cathodes, most of them focus on simple additives and coatings. We solve the problem from different angles. In order to improve the structure and mechanical stability of the cathode material , We try to adjust the microstructure of the cathode material, such as particle size, shape and crystal structure. "
The researchers believe that by adding boron to the NCA cathode, combined with other stabilization strategies (such as protective coatings), the energy density and stability of the battery can be improved, and the electric vehicle's single-charge range can exceed 300 miles. (Elisha)
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