On March 24-25, at the Novartis Aquaculture Enterprise Pig Disease Learning Class in Shanghai, Mr. Ou Weiye from Shanghai Novartis Animal Health Co., Ltd. gave a speech on the key points of sow nutrition and management technology, which made the farmers in the field open their eyes.
Chen Hao, a high-ranking farmer, told the Southern Rural News reporter that he had to rely on his experience to feed his sows. He only knew that he had to add more amino acids and vitamins to the feed. He never thought about the proper breeding according to the sow's growth and breeding stages. nutrition. As taught by Ou Weiye, it has not been heard how to determine the nutritional status of sows by measuring the thickness of the backfat.
Ou Weiye said that domestic sows have lost a lot of piglets at the production stage, and the average number of ovulations is also 17. The number of live pigs that can be delivered is only 9.4, and the final embryo survival rate is only 55%, far lower than that of foreign countries. Sow productivity. According to statistics, the sows are two key nodes at 25 and 100 days of pregnancy, and the embryo survival rate will drop to 72% and 58%, respectively. He believes that the main reason for this situation is that Chinese pig farms have not done enough to improve the nutritional management of sows.
“The first thing to do is to clarify the different feeding stages of the sows and the purpose of the different stages.†Ou Weiye pointed out that in the gilt stage, the aim is to increase the rate of conception of breeding; in the stage of pregnant sows, it will increase the number of live births. And the birth weight; while in the lactating sow stage, the focus is on improving the weaning survival rate and weaning weight; finally, in the empty sow stage, it has once again changed to increase the breeding conception rate, completing a cycle. In this way, the nutrition and rearing of the sow can be targeted at different stages.
In the gilt stage, it can be subdivided into four stages: first, from birth to 70kg body weight, at this time should be based on free feeding, the purpose is to promote body growth and development; then 70-100kg During the cultivation period, it is necessary to start feeding restriction, and the control is at 2.3-2.5kg/day, which is mainly to make the various organs of the body fully mature, especially the skeleton, gastrointestinal and reproductive organs; the next is between 100kg body weight and the first estrus. During the lure period, this stage should increase the vitamin level in the feed to promote the estrus of the gilts. When the adaptation period is two weeks before the breeding, it is necessary to start the auscultation, and the daily feeding should be increased by 0.5- About 1.0kg, in order to increase the number of ovulation, the number of litters per litter can be increased by 1-1.5.
At the stage of the pregnant sow, nutrition management needs to be more refined and needs to be calculated in weeks. “He pointed out that according to extensive statistics, domestic sows have four peaks of embryonic death during pregnancy, which are the first week after pregnancy, the third week, the eighth week, and the week before the birth. Therefore, he believes that the mother is traditionally pregnant. The limited feeding of pigs makes sense, but it cannot be generalized. In the middle and early pregnancy, high-energy feeding is harmful.
He analyzed that early high-energy rearing of pregnant sows reduced embryo survival because excess fat and starch in the diet reduced LH secretion and was affected by embryonic development. In the medium term, high-energy feeding will reduce the glucose tolerance level of the sow during the subsequent lactation period. The popular point is that it is “greasyâ€, which leads to a decrease in feed intake in the lactating sow. In addition, it may cause fat deposition in the breast, thereby reducing the number of cells secreting from the breast, causing a decrease in lactation during lactation and affecting the growth of the piglets.
However, by the end of pregnancy, the sows have turned from fear of fat to fear of thinning, and the feed should be increased from the previous 2.0kg/day to 2.5-3.5kg/day. Because the main purpose of this period is to supply the fetus, the growth and development of the fetus is particularly fast, and the weight gain accounts for about 2/3 of the whole period. At the same time, sows also need to store nutrients for lactation. Moreover, he also stressed that even in restricted feeding, the energy limit should be clearly limited, and the limit feeding should not include the intake of protein, minerals and vitamins. It is best to always use low-energy, high-protein diets.
Ou Weiye believes that China's sow breeding is not lacking in technology and equipment, and the improvement of the concept is really urgently needed.
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